When does it make sense to talk about emplyee participation

During the past decades there have been studies in Denmark and Sweden dealing with establishing and encouraging employee participation in industrial organizations. The background for employee participation is partly the urge to benefit from human experiences and resources, partly to influence and start a debate about technological development in the factory. Employee participation focuses on collaboration and the need for new forms of dialogue and learning processes. An important common problem for the different projects concerned with employee participation has been to make participation rooted so that it becomes a part of organisational and working practice.