Two-step physico-biological production of xylooligosaccharides from sugarcane leaves

The production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from sugarcane leaves (SCL) presents high potential to the nutraceutical industries as SCL is cheap and readily available. In this study, a two-step process using hydrothermal pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis are developed and optimized for XOS production to obtain high conversion yield and product specificity. Two operation methods for hydrothermal pretreatments, parr reactor, and microwave reactor were compared to extract xylan from SCL. Two hemicellulose enzymes, hemicellulase Amano and xylanase (X2753) were then tested for enzymatic hydrolysis of extracted xylan to XOS. Conditions with high conversion yield after pretreatments were found at 180 °C for 30 min (parr reactor) and 800 W for 8 min (microwave reactor): producing 4.95 mg/mL (22.11 %w/v) and 3.49 mg/mL (15.61 %w/v) XOS respectively. Subjection of derived liquor from hydrothermal pretreatment to enzymatic hydrolysis produced a maximum of 9.42 mg/mL (41.87 %w/v) and 7.81 mg/mL (34.71 %w/v) of XOS for hemicellulase Amano and xylanase (X2753) respectively. The hemicellulase resulted in XOS with degree of polymerization (DP) of 2–5 for the various pretreatment conditions whereas xylanase yielded XOS of DP 2 to 4. However, a negative effect on enzymatic hydrolysis was observed for microwave-assisted pretreated samples. This study revealed that combination of physico-biological methods on SCL could result in high XOS yield with distinct degree of polymerization.