Two-dimensional random arrays for real time volumetric imaging

Richard E. Davidsen, Jørgen Arendt Jensen, Stephen W. Smith

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    Abstract

    Two-dimensional arrays are necessary for a variety of ultrasonic imaging techniques, including elevation focusing, 2-D phase aberration correction, and real time volumetric imaging. In order to reduce system cost and complexity, sparse 2-D arrays have been considered with element geometries selected ad hoc, by algorithm, or by random process. Two random sparse array geometries and a sparse array with a Mills cross receive pattern were simulated and compared to a fully sampled aperture with the same overall dimensions. The sparse arrays were designed to the constraints of the Duke University real time volumetric imaging system, which employs a wide transmit beam and receive mode parallel processing to increase image frame rate. Depth-of-field comparisons were made from simulated on-axis and off-axis beamplots at ranges from 30 to 160 mm for both coaxial and offset transmit and receive beams. A random array with Gaussian distribution of transmitters and uniform distribution of receivers was found to have better resolution and depth-of-field than both a Mills cross array and a random array with uniform distribution of both transmit and receive elements. The Gaussian random array was constructed and experimental system response measurements were made at several ranges. Comparisons of B-scan images of a tissue mimicking phantom show improvement in resolution and depth-of-field consistent with simulation results.
    Original languageEnglish
    JournalUltrasonic Imaging
    Volume16
    Issue number3
    Pages (from-to)143-163
    ISSN0161-7346
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 1994

    Keywords

    • Phased array
    • Random array
    • Sparse array
    • Transducer
    • Two-dimensional volumetric imaging

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