Toxicity dose descriptors from animal inhalation studies of 13 nanomaterials and their bulk and ionic counterparts and variation with primary particle characteristics

Niels Hadrup*, Nicklas Sahlgren*, Nicklas R. Jacobsen, Anne T. Saber, Karin S. Hougaard, Ulla Vogel, Keld A. Jensen

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReviewpeer-review

286 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

This study collects toxicity data from animal inhalation studies of some nanomaterials and their bulk and ionic counterparts. To allow potential grouping and interpretations, we retrieved the primary physicochemical and exposure data to the extent possible for each of the materials. Reviewed materials are compounds (mainly elements, oxides and salts) of carbon (carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene), silver, cerium, cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, silicium (amorphous silica and quartz), titanium (titanium dioxide), and zinc (chemical symbols: Ag, C, Ce, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Si, Ti, TiO2, and Zn). Collected endpoints are: a) pulmonary inflammation, measured as neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid at 0-24 hours after last exposure; and b) genotoxicity/carcinogenicity. We present the dose descriptors no-observed-adverse-effect concentrations (NOAECs) and lowest-observed-adverse-effect concentrations (LOAECs) for 88 nanomaterial investigations in data-library and graph formats. We also calculate 'the value where 25% of exposed animals develop tumors' (T25) for carcinogenicity studies. We describe how the data may be used for hazard assessment of the materials using carbon black as an example. The collected data also enable hazard comparison between different materials. An important observation for poorly soluble particles is that the NOAEC for neutrophil numbers in general lies around 1 to 2 mg/m3. We further discuss why some materials' dose descriptors deviate from this level, likely reflecting the effects of the ionic form and effects of the fiber-shape. Finally, we discuss that long-term studies, in general, provide the lowest dose descriptors, and dose descriptors are positively correlated with particle size for near-spherical materials.
Original languageEnglish
JournalNanotoxicology
Volume17
Issue number4
Pages (from-to)338-371
Number of pages34
ISSN1743-5390
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023

Bibliographical note

This work was supported by caLIBRAte project funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No 686239; and Gov4Nano, funded by the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement 814401.

Keywords

  • Nanoparticle
  • Risk assessment
  • Toxicology
  • Specific surface area
  • TiO2

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Toxicity dose descriptors from animal inhalation studies of 13 nanomaterials and their bulk and ionic counterparts and variation with primary particle characteristics'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this