The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Overview And Catalog From The Cosmos Field

F. Civano; R. C. Hickox; S. Puccetti; A. Comastri; J. R. Mullaney; L. Zappacosta; S. M. LaMassa; J. Aird; D. M. Alexander; D. R. Ballantyne; F. E. Bauer; W. N. Brandt; S. E. Boggs; F. E. Christensen; W. W. Craig; A. Del-Moro; M. Elvis; K. Forster; P. Gandhi; B. W. Grefenstette; C. J. Hailey; F. A. Harrison; G. B. Lansbury; Birong Luo; K. Madsen; C. Saez; D. Stern; E. Treister; M. C. Urry; D. R. Wik; W. Zhang

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/185

The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Overview And Catalog From The Cosmos Field

F. Civano, R. C. Hickox, S. Puccetti, A. Comastri, J. R. Mullaney, L. Zappacosta, S. M. LaMassa, J. Aird, D. M. Alexander, D. R. Ballantyne, F. E. Bauer, W. N. Brandt, S. E. Boggs, F. E. Christensen, W. W. Craig, A. Del-Moro, M. Elvis, K. Forster, P. Gandhi, B. W. GrefenstetteC. J. Hailey, F. A. Harrison, G. B. Lansbury, Birong Luo, K. Madsen, C. Saez, D. Stern, E. Treister, M. C. Urry, D. R. Wik, W. Zhang

National Space Institute

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

To provide the census of the sources contributing to the X-ray background peak above 10 keV, Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) is performing extragalactic surveys using a three-tier "wedding cake" approach. We present the NuSTAR survey of the COSMOS field, the medium sensitivity, and medium area tier, covering 1.7 deg² and overlapping with both Chandra and XMM-Newton data. This survey consists of 121 observations for a total exposure of ∼3 Ms. To fully exploit these data, we developed a new detection strategy, carefully tested through extensive simulations. The survey sensitivity at 20% completeness is 5.9, 2.9, and 6.4 x 10^-14erg cm^-2 s^-1 in the 3^-24, 3-8, and 8-24 keV bands, respectively. By combining detections in 3 bands, we have a sample of 91 NuSTAR sources with 10⁴²-10^45.5erg s^-1luminosities and redshift z = 0.04-2.5. Thirty-two sources are detected in the 8-24 keV band with fluxes similar to 100 times fainter than sources detected by Swift-BAT. Of the 91 detections, all but 4 are associated with a Chandra and/or XMM-Newton point-like counterpart. One source is associated with an extended lower energy X-ray source. We present the X-ray (hardness ratio and luminosity) and optical-to-X-ray properties. The observed fraction of candidate Compton-thick active galactic nuclei measured from the hardness ratio is between 13%-20%. We discuss the spectral properties of NuSTAR J100259+0220.6 (ID 330) at z = 0.044, with the highest hardness ratio in the entire sample. The measured column density exceeds 10²⁴ cm^-2, implying the source is Compton-thick. This source was not previously recognized as such without the >10 keV data.

Original language	English
Article number	185
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	808
Issue number	2
Number of pages	20
ISSN	0004-637X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/185
Publication status	Published - 2015

Keywords

Galaxies: nuclei
X-rays: general

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Civano, F., Hickox, R. C., Puccetti, S., Comastri, A., Mullaney, J. R., Zappacosta, L., LaMassa, S. M., Aird, J., Alexander, D. M., Ballantyne, D. R., Bauer, F. E., Brandt, W. N., Boggs, S. E., Christensen, F. E., Craig, W. W., Del-Moro, A., Elvis, M., Forster, K., Gandhi, P., ... Zhang, W. (2015). The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Overview And Catalog From The Cosmos Field. Astrophysical Journal, 808(2), [185]. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/185

Civano, F. ; Hickox, R. C. ; Puccetti, S. ; Comastri, A. ; Mullaney, J. R. ; Zappacosta, L. ; LaMassa, S. M. ; Aird, J. ; Alexander, D. M. ; Ballantyne, D. R. ; Bauer, F. E. ; Brandt, W. N. ; Boggs, S. E. ; Christensen, F. E. ; Craig, W. W. ; Del-Moro, A. ; Elvis, M. ; Forster, K. ; Gandhi, P. ; Grefenstette, B. W. ; Hailey, C. J. ; Harrison, F. A. ; Lansbury, G. B. ; Luo, Birong ; Madsen, K. ; Saez, C. ; Stern, D. ; Treister, E. ; Urry, M. C. ; Wik, D. R. ; Zhang, W. / The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Overview And Catalog From The Cosmos Field. In: Astrophysical Journal. 2015 ; Vol. 808, No. 2.

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title = "The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Overview And Catalog From The Cosmos Field",

abstract = "To provide the census of the sources contributing to the X-ray background peak above 10 keV, Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) is performing extragalactic surveys using a three-tier {"}wedding cake{"} approach. We present the NuSTAR survey of the COSMOS field, the medium sensitivity, and medium area tier, covering 1.7 deg2 and overlapping with both Chandra and XMM-Newton data. This survey consists of 121 observations for a total exposure of ∼3 Ms. To fully exploit these data, we developed a new detection strategy, carefully tested through extensive simulations. The survey sensitivity at 20% completeness is 5.9, 2.9, and 6.4 x 10-14 erg cm-2 s-1 in the 3-24, 3-8, and 8-24 keV bands, respectively. By combining detections in 3 bands, we have a sample of 91 NuSTAR sources with 1042-1045.5 erg s-1 luminosities and redshift z = 0.04-2.5. Thirty-two sources are detected in the 8-24 keV band with fluxes similar to 100 times fainter than sources detected by Swift-BAT. Of the 91 detections, all but 4 are associated with a Chandra and/or XMM-Newton point-like counterpart. One source is associated with an extended lower energy X-ray source. We present the X-ray (hardness ratio and luminosity) and optical-to-X-ray properties. The observed fraction of candidate Compton-thick active galactic nuclei measured from the hardness ratio is between 13%-20%. We discuss the spectral properties of NuSTAR J100259+0220.6 (ID 330) at z = 0.044, with the highest hardness ratio in the entire sample. The measured column density exceeds 1024 cm-2, implying the source is Compton-thick. This source was not previously recognized as such without the >10 keV data.",

keywords = "Galaxies: nuclei, X-rays: general",

author = "F. Civano and Hickox, {R. C.} and S. Puccetti and A. Comastri and Mullaney, {J. R.} and L. Zappacosta and LaMassa, {S. M.} and J. Aird and Alexander, {D. M.} and Ballantyne, {D. R.} and Bauer, {F. E.} and Brandt, {W. N.} and Boggs, {S. E.} and Christensen, {F. E.} and Craig, {W. W.} and A. Del-Moro and M. Elvis and K. Forster and P. Gandhi and Grefenstette, {B. W.} and Hailey, {C. J.} and Harrison, {F. A.} and Lansbury, {G. B.} and Birong Luo and K. Madsen and C. Saez and D. Stern and E. Treister and Urry, {M. C.} and Wik, {D. R.} and W. Zhang",

year = "2015",

doi = "10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/185",

language = "English",

volume = "808",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

number = "2",

}

Civano, F, Hickox, RC, Puccetti, S, Comastri, A, Mullaney, JR, Zappacosta, L, LaMassa, SM, Aird, J, Alexander, DM, Ballantyne, DR, Bauer, FE, Brandt, WN, Boggs, SE, Christensen, FE, Craig, WW, Del-Moro, A, Elvis, M, Forster, K, Gandhi, P, Grefenstette, BW, Hailey, CJ, Harrison, FA, Lansbury, GB, Luo, B, Madsen, K, Saez, C, Stern, D, Treister, E, Urry, MC, Wik, DR & Zhang, W 2015, 'The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Overview And Catalog From The Cosmos Field', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 808, no. 2, 185. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/185

The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Overview And Catalog From The Cosmos Field. / Civano, F.; Hickox, R. C.; Puccetti, S.; Comastri, A.; Mullaney, J. R.; Zappacosta, L.; LaMassa, S. M.; Aird, J.; Alexander, D. M.; Ballantyne, D. R.; Bauer, F. E.; Brandt, W. N.; Boggs, S. E.; Christensen, F. E.; Craig, W. W.; Del-Moro, A.; Elvis, M.; Forster, K.; Gandhi, P.; Grefenstette, B. W.; Hailey, C. J.; Harrison, F. A.; Lansbury, G. B.; Luo, Birong; Madsen, K.; Saez, C.; Stern, D.; Treister, E.; Urry, M. C.; Wik, D. R.; Zhang, W.

In: Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 808, No. 2, 185, 2015.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Overview And Catalog From The Cosmos Field

AU - Civano, F.

AU - Hickox, R. C.

AU - Puccetti, S.

AU - Comastri, A.

AU - Mullaney, J. R.

AU - Zappacosta, L.

AU - LaMassa, S. M.

AU - Aird, J.

AU - Alexander, D. M.

AU - Ballantyne, D. R.

AU - Bauer, F. E.

AU - Brandt, W. N.

AU - Boggs, S. E.

AU - Christensen, F. E.

AU - Craig, W. W.

AU - Del-Moro, A.

AU - Elvis, M.

AU - Forster, K.

AU - Gandhi, P.

AU - Grefenstette, B. W.

AU - Hailey, C. J.

AU - Harrison, F. A.

AU - Lansbury, G. B.

AU - Luo, Birong

AU - Madsen, K.

AU - Saez, C.

AU - Stern, D.

AU - Treister, E.

AU - Urry, M. C.

AU - Wik, D. R.

AU - Zhang, W.

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - To provide the census of the sources contributing to the X-ray background peak above 10 keV, Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) is performing extragalactic surveys using a three-tier "wedding cake" approach. We present the NuSTAR survey of the COSMOS field, the medium sensitivity, and medium area tier, covering 1.7 deg2 and overlapping with both Chandra and XMM-Newton data. This survey consists of 121 observations for a total exposure of ∼3 Ms. To fully exploit these data, we developed a new detection strategy, carefully tested through extensive simulations. The survey sensitivity at 20% completeness is 5.9, 2.9, and 6.4 x 10-14 erg cm-2 s-1 in the 3-24, 3-8, and 8-24 keV bands, respectively. By combining detections in 3 bands, we have a sample of 91 NuSTAR sources with 1042-1045.5 erg s-1 luminosities and redshift z = 0.04-2.5. Thirty-two sources are detected in the 8-24 keV band with fluxes similar to 100 times fainter than sources detected by Swift-BAT. Of the 91 detections, all but 4 are associated with a Chandra and/or XMM-Newton point-like counterpart. One source is associated with an extended lower energy X-ray source. We present the X-ray (hardness ratio and luminosity) and optical-to-X-ray properties. The observed fraction of candidate Compton-thick active galactic nuclei measured from the hardness ratio is between 13%-20%. We discuss the spectral properties of NuSTAR J100259+0220.6 (ID 330) at z = 0.044, with the highest hardness ratio in the entire sample. The measured column density exceeds 1024 cm-2, implying the source is Compton-thick. This source was not previously recognized as such without the >10 keV data.

AB - To provide the census of the sources contributing to the X-ray background peak above 10 keV, Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) is performing extragalactic surveys using a three-tier "wedding cake" approach. We present the NuSTAR survey of the COSMOS field, the medium sensitivity, and medium area tier, covering 1.7 deg2 and overlapping with both Chandra and XMM-Newton data. This survey consists of 121 observations for a total exposure of ∼3 Ms. To fully exploit these data, we developed a new detection strategy, carefully tested through extensive simulations. The survey sensitivity at 20% completeness is 5.9, 2.9, and 6.4 x 10-14 erg cm-2 s-1 in the 3-24, 3-8, and 8-24 keV bands, respectively. By combining detections in 3 bands, we have a sample of 91 NuSTAR sources with 1042-1045.5 erg s-1 luminosities and redshift z = 0.04-2.5. Thirty-two sources are detected in the 8-24 keV band with fluxes similar to 100 times fainter than sources detected by Swift-BAT. Of the 91 detections, all but 4 are associated with a Chandra and/or XMM-Newton point-like counterpart. One source is associated with an extended lower energy X-ray source. We present the X-ray (hardness ratio and luminosity) and optical-to-X-ray properties. The observed fraction of candidate Compton-thick active galactic nuclei measured from the hardness ratio is between 13%-20%. We discuss the spectral properties of NuSTAR J100259+0220.6 (ID 330) at z = 0.044, with the highest hardness ratio in the entire sample. The measured column density exceeds 1024 cm-2, implying the source is Compton-thick. This source was not previously recognized as such without the >10 keV data.

KW - Galaxies: nuclei

KW - X-rays: general

U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/185

DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/185

M3 - Journal article

VL - 808

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

SN - 0004-637X

IS - 2

M1 - 185

ER -