Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to revisit speed optimization and speed reduction models for liner shipping in a multi/flexible fuel context with regards to the current ongoing speed limit debate at the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The focus is mainly on analyzing the influence of a maximum average speed limit on the optimal speeds, carbon intensity and emissions in conjunction with fleet deployment for dual fuel (DF) Neopanamax container vessels utilizing liquefied natural gas (LNG).
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 103445 |
| Journal | Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment |
| Volume | 111 |
| ISSN | 1361-9209 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2022 |
Keywords
- Carbon intensity
- Fuel flexibility
- Optimal speed
- Speed limits
- Speed reduction
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