TY - BOOK
T1 - The Specifics and Non-Specifics of using Small Interfering RNAs for Targeting of Viral Genes in a Fish Model
AU - Schyth, Brian Dall
PY - 2007/9
Y1 - 2007/9
N2 - A novel in vivo-model composed of small juvenile rainbow trout and a fish-pathogenic virus is suggested to
analyze delivery and antiviral effect of formulated siRNAs. This model was used for testing delivery of
intraperitoneally injected siRNAs formulated in polycationic liposomes. These, and to a lesser degree naked
siRNAs, primarily entered free intraperitoneal cells including macrophage-like cells. Furthermore uptake
correlated with antiviral activity seen as reduced mortality of fish challenged with VHSV. Protection at the
disease level was not dependent upon which one of three tested siRNAs was used and protection correlated
with up-regulation of an interferon-related gene in the liver indicating a systemic interferon response. The
results show the validity of the fish model for testing delivery and non-specific effects of siRNAs in a high
throughput vertebrate model.
The purchase of chemically synthesized siRNAs is expensive why the use of in vitro transcribed siRNAs
was initially tested in fish cell culture. Transfection with three different in vitro transcribed siRNAs specific
to the viral glycoprotein gene of the target-virus efficiently inhibited viral multiplication in infected cell
cultures, while two of three corresponding control siRNAs, containing four mismatches compared to the
target, did not have this effect. This suggested specific interference, but similar results were obtained when
the same siRNAs were tested against a heterologous virus. Further analyses revealed that the siRNAs
induced a non-target-specific anti-viral effect, which correlated with an upregulation of the interferon
induced Mx gene. Accordingly inclusion of a heterologous virus as target control was essential for
verification of the specificity of siRNA-induced interference with virus multiplication.
Current work on studying the action of chemically synthesized siRNAs designed to suppress expression
of the surface glycoprotein G and the large polymerase L of the rhabdoviral target virus is also presented.
The results emphasize the use of controls, chice of target gene, type of siRNA and the compromise in using
transfection reagents for improved uptake of siRNAs, where these reagents also increase the risk of the
siRNAs ending up in a cellular compartment in which stimulation of non-specific anti-viral defence
mechanisms will be initiated.
AB - A novel in vivo-model composed of small juvenile rainbow trout and a fish-pathogenic virus is suggested to
analyze delivery and antiviral effect of formulated siRNAs. This model was used for testing delivery of
intraperitoneally injected siRNAs formulated in polycationic liposomes. These, and to a lesser degree naked
siRNAs, primarily entered free intraperitoneal cells including macrophage-like cells. Furthermore uptake
correlated with antiviral activity seen as reduced mortality of fish challenged with VHSV. Protection at the
disease level was not dependent upon which one of three tested siRNAs was used and protection correlated
with up-regulation of an interferon-related gene in the liver indicating a systemic interferon response. The
results show the validity of the fish model for testing delivery and non-specific effects of siRNAs in a high
throughput vertebrate model.
The purchase of chemically synthesized siRNAs is expensive why the use of in vitro transcribed siRNAs
was initially tested in fish cell culture. Transfection with three different in vitro transcribed siRNAs specific
to the viral glycoprotein gene of the target-virus efficiently inhibited viral multiplication in infected cell
cultures, while two of three corresponding control siRNAs, containing four mismatches compared to the
target, did not have this effect. This suggested specific interference, but similar results were obtained when
the same siRNAs were tested against a heterologous virus. Further analyses revealed that the siRNAs
induced a non-target-specific anti-viral effect, which correlated with an upregulation of the interferon
induced Mx gene. Accordingly inclusion of a heterologous virus as target control was essential for
verification of the specificity of siRNA-induced interference with virus multiplication.
Current work on studying the action of chemically synthesized siRNAs designed to suppress expression
of the surface glycoprotein G and the large polymerase L of the rhabdoviral target virus is also presented.
The results emphasize the use of controls, chice of target gene, type of siRNA and the compromise in using
transfection reagents for improved uptake of siRNAs, where these reagents also increase the risk of the
siRNAs ending up in a cellular compartment in which stimulation of non-specific anti-viral defence
mechanisms will be initiated.
M3 - Ph.D. thesis
BT - The Specifics and Non-Specifics of using Small Interfering RNAs for Targeting of Viral Genes in a Fish Model
CY - Århus
ER -