Abstract
During the past 20 years a large number of new fungicides have been marketed. These new fungicides have a broad spectrum of activity, and they are particularly attractive to the West European countries that grow high-yielding cultivars of wheat and barley susceptible to a variety of foliar and soil-borne diseases. 1 Denmark belongs to this group of countries, and the introduction of the new fungicides, belonging primarily to the ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs), has made it possible to increase the area with high-value winter annual cereals even though these are more vulnerable to fungal diseases than the summer annuals. In accordance with this, a yearly increase in the fungicide use of 20 to 30% (a.i.) was experienced during the early 1980s (Figure 1). The EBIs are highly active, implying a profound reduction in application rate compared to many older fungicides, so the increase in use of active ingredient reflects an even bigger increase in ‘treatment intensity index’ (TII) (Figure 1). In 1984 the use of fungicides peaked with a TII of 2.3, and this trend was met by an increasing concern of potential hazards to the soil ecosystem and especially to the nontarget soil mycoflora.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Pesticide Interactions in Crop Production : Beneficial and Deleterious Effects |
Editors | J. Altman |
Number of pages | 17 |
Place of Publication | Boca Raton |
Publisher | Taylor & Francis |
Publication date | 2018 |
Edition | 1 |
Pages | 227-243 |
Chapter | 11 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9781351075459 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2018 |