The First Focused Hard X-Ray Images of the Sun With NuSTAR

Brian W. Grefenstette; Lindsay Glesener; Sam Krucker; Hugh Hudson; Iain G. Hannah; David M. Smith; Julia K. Vogel; Stephen M. White; Kristin K. Madsen; Andrew J. Marsh; Amir Caspi; Bin Chen; Albert Shih; Matej Kuhar; Steven E. Boggs; Finn Erland Christensen; William W. Craig; Karl Forster; Charles J. Hailey; Fiona A. Harrison; Hiromasa Miyasaka; Daniel Stern; William W. Zhang

doi:10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20

The First Focused Hard X-Ray Images of the Sun With NuSTAR

Brian W. Grefenstette, Lindsay Glesener, Sam Krucker, Hugh Hudson, Iain G. Hannah, David M. Smith, Julia K. Vogel, Stephen M. White, Kristin K. Madsen, Andrew J. Marsh, Amir Caspi, Bin Chen, Albert Shih, Matej Kuhar, Steven E. Boggs, Finn Erland Christensen, William W. Craig, Karl Forster, Charles J. Hailey, Fiona A. HarrisonHiromasa Miyasaka, Daniel Stern, William W. Zhang

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Abstract

We present results from the the first campaign of dedicated solar observations undertaken by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) hard X-ray (HXR) telescope. Designed as an astrophysics mission, NuSTAR nonetheless has the capability of directly imaging the Sun at HXR energies (>3 keV) with an increase in sensitivity of at least two magnitude compared to current non-focusing telescopes. In this paper we describe the scientific areas where NuSTAR will make major improvements on existing solar measurements. We report on the techniques used to observe the Sun with NuSTAR, their limitations and complications, and the procedures developed to optimize solar data quality derived from our experience with the initial solar observations. These first observations are briefly described, including the measurement of the Fe K-shell lines in a decaying X-class flare, HXR emission from high in the solar corona, and full-disk HXR images of the Sun.

Original language	English
Article number	20
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	826
Issue number	1
Number of pages	11
ISSN	0004-637X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20
Publication status	Published - 2016

Keywords

Acceleration of particles
Methods: data analysis
Sun: X-rays, gamma rays

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Apj 826 1 20Final published version, 7.98 MB

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Grefenstette, B. W., Glesener, L., Krucker, S., Hudson, H., Hannah, I. G., Smith, D. M., Vogel, J. K., White, S. M., Madsen, K. K., Marsh, A. J., Caspi, A., Chen, B., Shih, A., Kuhar, M., Boggs, S. E., Christensen, F. E., Craig, W. W., Forster, K., Hailey, C. J., ... Zhang, W. W. (2016). The First Focused Hard X-Ray Images of the Sun With NuSTAR. Astrophysical Journal, 826(1), Article 20. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20

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title = "The First Focused Hard X-Ray Images of the Sun With NuSTAR",

abstract = "We present results from the the first campaign of dedicated solar observations undertaken by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) hard X-ray (HXR) telescope. Designed as an astrophysics mission, NuSTAR nonetheless has the capability of directly imaging the Sun at HXR energies (>3 keV) with an increase in sensitivity of at least two magnitude compared to current non-focusing telescopes. In this paper we describe the scientific areas where NuSTAR will make major improvements on existing solar measurements. We report on the techniques used to observe the Sun with NuSTAR, their limitations and complications, and the procedures developed to optimize solar data quality derived from our experience with the initial solar observations. These first observations are briefly described, including the measurement of the Fe K-shell lines in a decaying X-class flare, HXR emission from high in the solar corona, and full-disk HXR images of the Sun.",

keywords = "Acceleration of particles, Methods: data analysis, Sun: X-rays, gamma rays",

author = "Grefenstette, {Brian W.} and Lindsay Glesener and Sam Krucker and Hugh Hudson and Hannah, {Iain G.} and Smith, {David M.} and Vogel, {Julia K.} and White, {Stephen M.} and Madsen, {Kristin K.} and Marsh, {Andrew J.} and Amir Caspi and Bin Chen and Albert Shih and Matej Kuhar and Boggs, {Steven E.} and Christensen, {Finn Erland} and Craig, {William W.} and Karl Forster and Hailey, {Charles J.} and Harrison, {Fiona A.} and Hiromasa Miyasaka and Daniel Stern and Zhang, {William W.}",

year = "2016",

doi = "10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20",

language = "English",

volume = "826",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

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Grefenstette, BW, Glesener, L, Krucker, S, Hudson, H, Hannah, IG, Smith, DM, Vogel, JK, White, SM, Madsen, KK, Marsh, AJ, Caspi, A, Chen, B, Shih, A, Kuhar, M, Boggs, SE, Christensen, FE, Craig, WW, Forster, K, Hailey, CJ, Harrison, FA, Miyasaka, H, Stern, D & Zhang, WW 2016, 'The First Focused Hard X-Ray Images of the Sun With NuSTAR', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 826, no. 1, 20. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20

TY - JOUR

T1 - The First Focused Hard X-Ray Images of the Sun With NuSTAR

AU - Grefenstette, Brian W.

AU - Glesener, Lindsay

AU - Krucker, Sam

AU - Hudson, Hugh

AU - Hannah, Iain G.

AU - Smith, David M.

AU - Vogel, Julia K.

AU - White, Stephen M.

AU - Madsen, Kristin K.

AU - Marsh, Andrew J.

AU - Caspi, Amir

AU - Chen, Bin

AU - Shih, Albert

AU - Kuhar, Matej

AU - Boggs, Steven E.

AU - Christensen, Finn Erland

AU - Craig, William W.

AU - Forster, Karl

AU - Hailey, Charles J.

AU - Harrison, Fiona A.

AU - Miyasaka, Hiromasa

AU - Stern, Daniel

AU - Zhang, William W.

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - We present results from the the first campaign of dedicated solar observations undertaken by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) hard X-ray (HXR) telescope. Designed as an astrophysics mission, NuSTAR nonetheless has the capability of directly imaging the Sun at HXR energies (>3 keV) with an increase in sensitivity of at least two magnitude compared to current non-focusing telescopes. In this paper we describe the scientific areas where NuSTAR will make major improvements on existing solar measurements. We report on the techniques used to observe the Sun with NuSTAR, their limitations and complications, and the procedures developed to optimize solar data quality derived from our experience with the initial solar observations. These first observations are briefly described, including the measurement of the Fe K-shell lines in a decaying X-class flare, HXR emission from high in the solar corona, and full-disk HXR images of the Sun.

AB - We present results from the the first campaign of dedicated solar observations undertaken by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) hard X-ray (HXR) telescope. Designed as an astrophysics mission, NuSTAR nonetheless has the capability of directly imaging the Sun at HXR energies (>3 keV) with an increase in sensitivity of at least two magnitude compared to current non-focusing telescopes. In this paper we describe the scientific areas where NuSTAR will make major improvements on existing solar measurements. We report on the techniques used to observe the Sun with NuSTAR, their limitations and complications, and the procedures developed to optimize solar data quality derived from our experience with the initial solar observations. These first observations are briefly described, including the measurement of the Fe K-shell lines in a decaying X-class flare, HXR emission from high in the solar corona, and full-disk HXR images of the Sun.

KW - Acceleration of particles

KW - Methods: data analysis

KW - Sun: X-rays, gamma rays

U2 - 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20

DO - 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 826

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 20

ER -

The First Focused Hard X-Ray Images of the Sun With NuSTAR

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