Abstract
Soil erosion has created landscape problems in many parts of the world and in particular in cold regions where the sensitive permafrost conditions have changed due to climate warming. Such a case occurred in the Tibetan Plateau (TP), which has been strongly affected by global warming and human activities. Monitoring technologies, like remote sensing and field surveys were used to explore soil erosion rates in the TP, but they were limited by the resolution and meteorological disturbance factors or the spatial and time scales. Here, we present for the first time 210Pbex (excess lead-210) and 137Cs (caesium-137) data of soils from the southeastern TP (SETP) covering an area of 640,000 km2. In the permafrost-dominant areas, the results show mean soil-erosion rates in the last 56–100 years that were relatively higher (1891 t·km−2·a-1) based on 210Pbex than those based on 137Cs (1623 t·km−2·a-1). Modelling results from the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) indicate relatively high mean soil erosion rates of 4363 and 4394 t·km−2·a-1 using a period covering the last 40 or 10 years respectively. Our data suggest accelerating erosion rates on the SETP that are linked to permafrost degradation, and glacier and snow melting due to accelerating global climate warming. The increase in ground surface temperature of ∼2 °C in the last four decades has further shifted the regional hydrology, affecting the degeneration of vegetation cover and a further increase in soil-erosion rates. However, our radionuclides data also expose low erosion rates in the seasonally frozen ground at some sampling sites which indicates the complex nature of erosion trends in cold regions that require careful adaptation of soil management.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 106954 |
Journal | Catena |
Volume | 223 |
Number of pages | 13 |
ISSN | 0341-8162 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2023 |
Bibliographical note
This work was supported by Jiangsu Post-doctoral Research Funding Program (Grant No. 2020Z111); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. B200202007); National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0402710); National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U2240217, 51539003, 41761134090, 51979072, 51709074, 42271020); National Science Funds for Creative Research Groups of China (Grant No. 51421006); Strategic pilot science and technology project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA2010010307); The Special Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering (Grant Nos. 20195025612, 20195018812, 520004412); A. Aldahan thanks the United Arab Emirates University for financial support through UPAR grants; M. Czymzik acknowledges the German Research Foundation (DFG) for funding through grant CZ 227/4-1.Keywords
- 210Pbex and 137Cs
- Soil erosion
- RUSLE
- Southeastern Tibetan Plateau
- Climate warming and human activity