Abstract
Power generators contain control systems able to
regulate system frequency, but the frequency setpoint values
are only rarely modified from nominal values. This paper
describes design considerations for a communication system from
generators to frequency sensitive distributed energy resourc
es
(FS-DER) using changes to frequency setpoint values of genera-
tors. Signaling discrete system states by generating off-nominal
system frequency values can be used as a novel narrowband
unidirectional broadcast communications channel. This paper
describes two protocols for utilizing off-nominal frequencies to
carry information: First, a protocol for dispatching blocks of FS-
DER that is suitable for systems restricted to relatively slow rates
of change of frequency (ROCOF). Second, for systems that allow
higher ROCOF values, the feasibility of using power generation
resources as a power line communication transmitter is shown.
Data from an operating islanded power system with diesel gen-
erators is analyzed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed
communication system in systems fed by rotating machines. The
feasibility of the proposed communication system in systems fed
by
voltage source inverters
is shown with laboratory tests of a
20 kVA inverter. The inverter was found to have a maximum
ROCOF of 2.2 Hz/s, sufficient to enable its use as a power line
communication transmitter
Original language | English |
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Journal | IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery |
Volume | 30 |
Issue number | 2 |
Pages (from-to) | 773-782 |
ISSN | 0885-8977 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2015 |
Keywords
- Power Frequency Communication
- Ultra Narrow Band
- Energy Management
- Load Management
- Voltage Source Inverters
- Distributed Energy Resources
- ROCOF