Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis: Results of a Large-Scale European Multi-Instrument Interlaboratory Study

Stefano Fornasaro, Fatima Alsamad, Monica Baia, Luís A.E. Batista de Carvalho, Claudia Beleites, Hugh J. Byrne, Alessandro Chiadò, Mihaela Chis, Malama Chisanga, Amuthachelvi Daniel, Jakub Dybas, Gauthier Eppe, Guillaume Falgayrac, Karen Faulds, Hrvoje Gebavi, Fabrizio Giorgis, Royston Goodacre, Duncan Graham, Pietro La Manna, Stacey LaingLucio Litti, Fiona M. Lyng, Kamilla Malek, Cedric Malherbe, Maria P .. Marques, Moreno Meneghetti, Elisa Mitri, Vlasta Mohaček-Grošev, Carlo Morasso, Howbeer Muhamadali, Pellegrino Musto, Chiara Novara, Marianna Pannico, Guillaume Penel, Olivier Piot, Tomas Rindzevicius, Elena A. Rusu, Michael S. Schmidt, Valter Sergo, Ganesh D. Sockalingum, Valérie Untereiner, Renzo Vanna, Ewelina Wiercigroch, Alois Bonifacio*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

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Abstract

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful and sensitive technique for the detection of fingerprint signals of molecules and for the investigation of a series of surface chemical reactions. Many studies introduced quantitative applications of SERS in various fields, and several SERS methods have been implemented for each specific application, ranging in performance characteristics, analytes used, instruments, and analytical matrices. In general, very few methods have been validated according to international guidelines. As a consequence, the application of SERS in highly regulated environments is still considered risky, and the perception of a poorly reproducible and insufficiently robust analytical technique has persistently retarded its routine implementation. Collaborative trials are a type of interlaboratory study (ILS) frequently performed to ascertain the quality of a single analytical method. The idea of an ILS of quantification with SERS arose within the framework of Working Group 1 (WG1) of the EU COST Action BM1401 Raman4Clinics in an effort to overcome the problematic perception of quantitative SERS methods. Here, we report the first interlaboratory SERS study ever conducted, involving 15 laboratories and 44 researchers. In this study, we tried to define a methodology to assess the reproducibility and trueness of a quantitative SERS method and to compare different methods. In our opinion, this is a first important step toward a "standardization" process of SERS protocols, not proposed by a single laboratory but by a larger community.
Original languageEnglish
JournalAnalytical Chemistry
Volume92
Pages (from-to)4053-4064
ISSN0003-2700
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2020

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