SN 2020udy: an SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion

Kate Maguire; Mark R. Magee; Giorgos Leloudas; Adam A. Miller; Georgios Dimitriadis; Miika Pursiainen; Mattia Bulla; Kishalay De; Avishay Gal-Yam; Daniel A. Perley; Christoffer Fremling; Viraj R. Karambelkar; Jakob Nordin; Simeon Reusch; Steve Schulze; Jesper Sollerman; Giacomo Terreran; Yi Yang; Eric C. Bellm; Steven L. Groom; Mansi M. Kasliwal; Shrinivas R. Kulkarni; Leander Lacroix; Frank J. Masci; Josiah N. Purdum; Yashvi Sharma; Roger Smith

doi:10.1093/mnras/stad2316

SN 2020udy: an SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion

Kate Maguire^*
, Mark R. Magee
, Giorgos Leloudas
, Adam A. Miller
, Georgios Dimitriadis
, Miika Pursiainen
, Mattia Bulla
, Kishalay De
, Avishay Gal-Yam
, Daniel A. Perley
, Christoffer Fremling
, Viraj R. Karambelkar
, Jakob Nordin
, Simeon Reusch
, Steve Schulze
, Jesper Sollerman
, Giacomo Terreran
, Yi Yang
, Eric C. Bellm
, Steven L. Groom

Mansi M. Kasliwal, Shrinivas R. Kulkarni, Leander Lacroix, Frank J. Masci, Josiah N. Purdum, Yashvi Sharma, Roger Smith

^*Corresponding author for this work

Trinity College Dublin
University of Warwick
Northwestern University
University of Ferrara
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Weizmann Institute of Science
Liverpool John Moores University
California Institute of Technology
Humboldt University of Berlin
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Inc.
University of California at Berkeley
University of Washington
Sorbonne Université
Stockholm University

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Abstract

Early observations of transient explosions can provide vital clues to their progenitor origins. In this paper, we present the nearby Type Iax (02cx-like) supernova (SN), SN 2020udy, that was discovered within hours (∼7 h) of estimated first light. An extensive data set of ultra-violet, optical, and near-infrared observations was obtained, covering out to ∼150 d after explosion. SN 2020udy peaked at -17.86 ± 0.43 mag in the r band and evolved similarly to other 'luminous' SNe Iax, such as SNe 2005hk and 2012Z. Its well-sampled early light curve allows strict limits on companion interaction to be placed. Main-sequence companion stars with masses of 2 and 6 M_⊙ are ruled out at all viewing angles, while a helium-star companion is allowed from a narrow range of angles (140-180° away from the companion). The spectra and light curves of SN 2020udy are in good agreement with those of the 'N5def' deflagration model of a near Chandrasekhar-mass carbon-oxygen white dwarf. However, as has been seen in previous studies of similar luminosity events, SN 2020udy evolves slower than the model. Broad-band linear polarization measurements taken at and after peak are consistent with no polarization, in agreement with the predictions of the companion-star configuration from the early light-curve measurements. The host galaxy environment is low metallicity and is consistent with a young stellar population. Overall, we find the most plausible explosion scenario to be the incomplete disruption of a CO white dwarf near the Chandrasekhar-mass limit, with a helium-star companion.

Original language	English
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	525
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	1210-1228
ISSN	0035-8711
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2316
Publication status	Published - 2023

Keywords

Supernovae: general
Supernovae: individual: SN 2020udy
Techniques: photometric
Techniques: polarimetric
Techniques: spectroscopic
White dwarfs

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10.1093/mnras/stad2316

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Maguire, K., Magee, M. R., Leloudas, G., Miller, A. A., Dimitriadis, G., Pursiainen, M., Bulla, M., De, K., Gal-Yam, A., Perley, D. A., Fremling, C., Karambelkar, V. R., Nordin, J., Reusch, S., Schulze, S., Sollerman, J., Terreran, G., Yang, Y., Bellm, E. C., ... Smith, R. (2023). SN 2020udy: an SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 525(1), 1210-1228. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2316

@article{f3c856a12fab46cea97f69b82dea6813,

title = "SN 2020udy: an SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion",

abstract = "Early observations of transient explosions can provide vital clues to their progenitor origins. In this paper, we present the nearby Type Iax (02cx-like) supernova (SN), SN 2020udy, that was discovered within hours (∼7 h) of estimated first light. An extensive data set of ultra-violet, optical, and near-infrared observations was obtained, covering out to ∼150 d after explosion. SN 2020udy peaked at -17.86 ± 0.43 mag in the r band and evolved similarly to other 'luminous' SNe Iax, such as SNe 2005hk and 2012Z. Its well-sampled early light curve allows strict limits on companion interaction to be placed. Main-sequence companion stars with masses of 2 and 6 M⊙ are ruled out at all viewing angles, while a helium-star companion is allowed from a narrow range of angles (140-180° away from the companion). The spectra and light curves of SN 2020udy are in good agreement with those of the 'N5def' deflagration model of a near Chandrasekhar-mass carbon-oxygen white dwarf. However, as has been seen in previous studies of similar luminosity events, SN 2020udy evolves slower than the model. Broad-band linear polarization measurements taken at and after peak are consistent with no polarization, in agreement with the predictions of the companion-star configuration from the early light-curve measurements. The host galaxy environment is low metallicity and is consistent with a young stellar population. Overall, we find the most plausible explosion scenario to be the incomplete disruption of a CO white dwarf near the Chandrasekhar-mass limit, with a helium-star companion.",

keywords = "Supernovae: general, Supernovae: individual: SN 2020udy, Techniques: photometric, Techniques: polarimetric, Techniques: spectroscopic, White dwarfs",

author = "Kate Maguire and Magee, \{Mark R.\} and Giorgos Leloudas and Miller, \{Adam A.\} and Georgios Dimitriadis and Miika Pursiainen and Mattia Bulla and Kishalay De and Avishay Gal-Yam and Perley, \{Daniel A.\} and Christoffer Fremling and Karambelkar, \{Viraj R.\} and Jakob Nordin and Simeon Reusch and Steve Schulze and Jesper Sollerman and Giacomo Terreran and Yi Yang and Bellm, \{Eric C.\} and Groom, \{Steven L.\} and Kasliwal, \{Mansi M.\} and Kulkarni, \{Shrinivas R.\} and Leander Lacroix and Masci, \{Frank J.\} and Purdum, \{Josiah N.\} and Yashvi Sharma and Roger Smith",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.",

year = "2023",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stad2316",

language = "English",

volume = "525",

pages = "1210--1228",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "1",

}

Maguire, K, Magee, MR, Leloudas, G, Miller, AA, Dimitriadis, G, Pursiainen, M, Bulla, M, De, K, Gal-Yam, A, Perley, DA, Fremling, C, Karambelkar, VR, Nordin, J, Reusch, S, Schulze, S, Sollerman, J, Terreran, G, Yang, Y, Bellm, EC, Groom, SL, Kasliwal, MM, Kulkarni, SR, Lacroix, L, Masci, FJ, Purdum, JN, Sharma, Y & Smith, R 2023, 'SN 2020udy: an SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 525, no. 1, pp. 1210-1228. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2316

TY - JOUR

T1 - SN 2020udy

T2 - an SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion

AU - Maguire, Kate

AU - Magee, Mark R.

AU - Leloudas, Giorgos

AU - Miller, Adam A.

AU - Dimitriadis, Georgios

AU - Pursiainen, Miika

AU - Bulla, Mattia

AU - De, Kishalay

AU - Gal-Yam, Avishay

AU - Perley, Daniel A.

AU - Fremling, Christoffer

AU - Karambelkar, Viraj R.

AU - Nordin, Jakob

AU - Reusch, Simeon

AU - Schulze, Steve

AU - Sollerman, Jesper

AU - Terreran, Giacomo

AU - Yang, Yi

AU - Bellm, Eric C.

AU - Groom, Steven L.

AU - Kasliwal, Mansi M.

AU - Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.

AU - Lacroix, Leander

AU - Masci, Frank J.

AU - Purdum, Josiah N.

AU - Sharma, Yashvi

AU - Smith, Roger

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Early observations of transient explosions can provide vital clues to their progenitor origins. In this paper, we present the nearby Type Iax (02cx-like) supernova (SN), SN 2020udy, that was discovered within hours (∼7 h) of estimated first light. An extensive data set of ultra-violet, optical, and near-infrared observations was obtained, covering out to ∼150 d after explosion. SN 2020udy peaked at -17.86 ± 0.43 mag in the r band and evolved similarly to other 'luminous' SNe Iax, such as SNe 2005hk and 2012Z. Its well-sampled early light curve allows strict limits on companion interaction to be placed. Main-sequence companion stars with masses of 2 and 6 M⊙ are ruled out at all viewing angles, while a helium-star companion is allowed from a narrow range of angles (140-180° away from the companion). The spectra and light curves of SN 2020udy are in good agreement with those of the 'N5def' deflagration model of a near Chandrasekhar-mass carbon-oxygen white dwarf. However, as has been seen in previous studies of similar luminosity events, SN 2020udy evolves slower than the model. Broad-band linear polarization measurements taken at and after peak are consistent with no polarization, in agreement with the predictions of the companion-star configuration from the early light-curve measurements. The host galaxy environment is low metallicity and is consistent with a young stellar population. Overall, we find the most plausible explosion scenario to be the incomplete disruption of a CO white dwarf near the Chandrasekhar-mass limit, with a helium-star companion.

AB - Early observations of transient explosions can provide vital clues to their progenitor origins. In this paper, we present the nearby Type Iax (02cx-like) supernova (SN), SN 2020udy, that was discovered within hours (∼7 h) of estimated first light. An extensive data set of ultra-violet, optical, and near-infrared observations was obtained, covering out to ∼150 d after explosion. SN 2020udy peaked at -17.86 ± 0.43 mag in the r band and evolved similarly to other 'luminous' SNe Iax, such as SNe 2005hk and 2012Z. Its well-sampled early light curve allows strict limits on companion interaction to be placed. Main-sequence companion stars with masses of 2 and 6 M⊙ are ruled out at all viewing angles, while a helium-star companion is allowed from a narrow range of angles (140-180° away from the companion). The spectra and light curves of SN 2020udy are in good agreement with those of the 'N5def' deflagration model of a near Chandrasekhar-mass carbon-oxygen white dwarf. However, as has been seen in previous studies of similar luminosity events, SN 2020udy evolves slower than the model. Broad-band linear polarization measurements taken at and after peak are consistent with no polarization, in agreement with the predictions of the companion-star configuration from the early light-curve measurements. The host galaxy environment is low metallicity and is consistent with a young stellar population. Overall, we find the most plausible explosion scenario to be the incomplete disruption of a CO white dwarf near the Chandrasekhar-mass limit, with a helium-star companion.

KW - Supernovae: general

KW - Supernovae: individual: SN 2020udy

KW - Techniques: photometric

KW - Techniques: polarimetric

KW - Techniques: spectroscopic

KW - White dwarfs

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stad2316

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stad2316

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85169878825

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 525

SP - 1210

EP - 1228

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 1

ER -

SN 2020udy: an SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion

Abstract

Keywords

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