Ship Grounding on Rock - II. Validation and Application

The primary purpose of this paper is to show examples of verification and application of thetheory presented. Analysis of four large scale tests performed by the Naval Surface WarfareCenter (NSWC), USA, shows that the theory can predict the energy absorption of the fourdifferent ship bottoms with errors less than 10%. The rock penetration to fracture is predictedwith errors of 10-15%. The sensitivity to uncertain input parameters is discussed. Analysis of an accidental grounding that was recorded in 1975, also shows that the theoretical model canreproduce the observed damage. Finally, it is demonstrated that the proposed methodology issufficiently fast to be used in a probabilistic framework. Based on a set of stochastic inputparameters, the probability density functions for the damage extents of a single hull VLCC werederived from simulations. Possible future applications of the methodology are discussed.