Repurposing Second Life EV Battery for Stationary Energy Storage Applications

As global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) increases, the need for sustainable solutions to manage end-of-life EV batteries becomes more pressing. This paper presents a battery energy storage system (BESS) that represents a novel approach to sustainable energy storage by repurposing end- of-life Tesla battery modules for stationary applications. The modules have been assembled and controlled in a robust and scalable design that offers versatile deployment options and economic benefits. Various use cases are described for these types of applications, such as energy management, backup power supply, demand response, grid support, and price arbitrage. An emphasis is placed on the grid services and benefits for end users. The system architecture is discussed in detail with a focus on the main components such as battery management system (BMS), the battery modules, and the inverter, and preliminary test protocols are outlined, including charge-discharge cycles and performance under different load conditions. These tests aim to evaluate the reliability, efficiency, and energy storage capabilities of the system, providing insight into its feasibility for real-world applications. The paper explore the capacity of the system of providing voltage stability between the series of the modules in low voltage conditions.