Quantum key distribution over 100 km of underwater optical fiber assisted by a fast-gated single-photon detector

Domenico Ribezzo; Mujtaba Zahidy; Gianmarco Lemmi; Antoine Petitjean; Claudia De Lazzari; Ilaria Vagniluca; Enrico Conca; Alberto Tosi; Tommaso Occhipinti; Leif K. Oxenløwe; André Xuereb; Davide Bacco; Alessandro Zavatta

doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044052

Quantum key distribution over 100 km of underwater optical fiber assisted by a fast-gated single-photon detector

Domenico Ribezzo, Mujtaba Zahidy, Gianmarco Lemmi, Antoine Petitjean, Claudia De Lazzari, Ilaria Vagniluca, Enrico Conca, Alberto Tosi, Tommaso Occhipinti, Leif K. Oxenløwe, André Xuereb, Davide Bacco, Alessandro Zavatta

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Abstract

Nowadays quantum key distribution (QKD) represents the most mature quantum technology, and multiple countries as well as private institutions are building their quantum network. However, QKD devices are still far from representing a product within everyone's reach. Indeed, limitations in terms of compatibility with existing telecom infrastructure and limited performances in terms of secret key rate, using noncryogenic detection systems, are still critical. In this work, we implemented a quantum key distribution link between Sicily (Italy) and Malta utilizing two different single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors. The performances of a standard commercial SPAD have been compared with the results achieved with an alternative prototype of fast-gated system in a package (SIP) SPAD; the SIP detector has shown to be able to accomplish a 14 times higher key rate compared with the commercial device over the channel showing 20 dB of losses.

Original language	English
Article number	044052
Journal	Physical Review Applied
Volume	20
Issue number	4
Number of pages	8
ISSN	2331-7019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044052
Publication status	Published - Oct 2023

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Ribezzo, D., Zahidy, M., Lemmi, G., Petitjean, A., De Lazzari, C., Vagniluca, I., Conca, E., Tosi, A., Occhipinti, T., Oxenløwe, L. K., Xuereb, A., Bacco, D., & Zavatta, A. (2023). Quantum key distribution over 100 km of underwater optical fiber assisted by a fast-gated single-photon detector. Physical Review Applied, 20(4), Article 044052. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044052

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title = "Quantum key distribution over 100 km of underwater optical fiber assisted by a fast-gated single-photon detector",

abstract = "Nowadays quantum key distribution (QKD) represents the most mature quantum technology, and multiple countries as well as private institutions are building their quantum network. However, QKD devices are still far from representing a product within everyone's reach. Indeed, limitations in terms of compatibility with existing telecom infrastructure and limited performances in terms of secret key rate, using noncryogenic detection systems, are still critical. In this work, we implemented a quantum key distribution link between Sicily (Italy) and Malta utilizing two different single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors. The performances of a standard commercial SPAD have been compared with the results achieved with an alternative prototype of fast-gated system in a package (SIP) SPAD; the SIP detector has shown to be able to accomplish a 14 times higher key rate compared with the commercial device over the channel showing 20 dB of losses.",

author = "Domenico Ribezzo and Mujtaba Zahidy and Gianmarco Lemmi and Antoine Petitjean and {De Lazzari}, Claudia and Ilaria Vagniluca and Enrico Conca and Alberto Tosi and Tommaso Occhipinti and Oxenl{\o}we, {Leif K.} and Andr{\'e} Xuereb and Davide Bacco and Alessandro Zavatta",

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doi = "10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044052",

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Ribezzo, D, Zahidy, M, Lemmi, G, Petitjean, A, De Lazzari, C, Vagniluca, I, Conca, E, Tosi, A, Occhipinti, T, Oxenløwe, LK, Xuereb, A, Bacco, D & Zavatta, A 2023, 'Quantum key distribution over 100 km of underwater optical fiber assisted by a fast-gated single-photon detector', Physical Review Applied, vol. 20, no. 4, 044052. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044052

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T1 - Quantum key distribution over 100 km of underwater optical fiber assisted by a fast-gated single-photon detector

AU - Ribezzo, Domenico

AU - Zahidy, Mujtaba

AU - Lemmi, Gianmarco

AU - Petitjean, Antoine

AU - De Lazzari, Claudia

AU - Vagniluca, Ilaria

AU - Conca, Enrico

AU - Tosi, Alberto

AU - Occhipinti, Tommaso

AU - Oxenløwe, Leif K.

AU - Xuereb, André

AU - Bacco, Davide

AU - Zavatta, Alessandro

PY - 2023/10

Y1 - 2023/10

N2 - Nowadays quantum key distribution (QKD) represents the most mature quantum technology, and multiple countries as well as private institutions are building their quantum network. However, QKD devices are still far from representing a product within everyone's reach. Indeed, limitations in terms of compatibility with existing telecom infrastructure and limited performances in terms of secret key rate, using noncryogenic detection systems, are still critical. In this work, we implemented a quantum key distribution link between Sicily (Italy) and Malta utilizing two different single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors. The performances of a standard commercial SPAD have been compared with the results achieved with an alternative prototype of fast-gated system in a package (SIP) SPAD; the SIP detector has shown to be able to accomplish a 14 times higher key rate compared with the commercial device over the channel showing 20 dB of losses.

AB - Nowadays quantum key distribution (QKD) represents the most mature quantum technology, and multiple countries as well as private institutions are building their quantum network. However, QKD devices are still far from representing a product within everyone's reach. Indeed, limitations in terms of compatibility with existing telecom infrastructure and limited performances in terms of secret key rate, using noncryogenic detection systems, are still critical. In this work, we implemented a quantum key distribution link between Sicily (Italy) and Malta utilizing two different single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors. The performances of a standard commercial SPAD have been compared with the results achieved with an alternative prototype of fast-gated system in a package (SIP) SPAD; the SIP detector has shown to be able to accomplish a 14 times higher key rate compared with the commercial device over the channel showing 20 dB of losses.

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044052

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044052

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JO - Physical Review Applied

JF - Physical Review Applied

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Quantum key distribution over 100 km of underwater optical fiber assisted by a fast-gated single-photon detector

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