Quantifying the accuracy of different modelling techniques and element types to predict the structural performance of the DTU 12.6m wind turbine blade

Composite materials have gained widespread use in various engineering applications due to their unique combination of high strength, good fatigue resistance, lightweight and tailored properties. The accurate prediction of the mechanical behaviour of composite structures is essential for ensuring their structural integrity and optimal performance. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is a widely employed numerical method for simulating the mechanical response of these structures. However, the choice of finite element type significantly influences the accuracy and reliability of the predictions.

This research employs a comprehensive validation approach, including experimental testing and benchmarking against numerical solutions, to assess the accuracy of predictions obtained from different finite element types. For this purpose, a wind turbine blade has been numerically and experimentally tested, subjected to flapwise, edgewise, torsional, and a combined flapwise-torsional load case.

The comparison reveals limitations in capturing the torsional behaviour of the wind turbine blade using shell elements, while solid elements perform well. This research provides valuable insights into selecting appropriate finite element types and modelling approaches for accurate and reliable predictions of the behaviour of composite structures commonly used in aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering applications.