TY - RPRT
T1 - Prevalence of alcohol and other psychoactive substances in drivers in general traffic. Part I: General results
AU - Houwing, Sjoerd
AU - Hagenzieker, Marjan
AU - Mathijssen, René
AU - Bernhoft, Inger Marie
AU - Hels, Tove
AU - Janstrup, Kira
AU - Linden, Trudy Vander
AU - Legrand, Sara-Ann
AU - Verstraete, Alain
N1 - Project funded by the European Commission under the Transport RTD Programme of the 6th Framework Program
DRUID. Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol and Medicines.
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - DRUID (Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol and Medicines) aimed to combat the problem of
driving under the influence of psychoactive substances by providing a solid scientific base for
European policy makers. It brought together experienced organisations in Europe to assemble a coordinated
set of data resources and measures. DRUID is an integrated European research project
which consisted of different sub-projects (Work Packages) that were aimed at different topics such as
the prevalence and risk of psychoactive substances, enforcement, classification of medicines,
rehabilitation of offenders and withdrawal of driving licenses (www.druid-project.eu).
The main objective of WP2 of DRUID was to assess the situation in Europe regarding the prevalence
and risk of the use of illicit drugs, alcohol and psychoactive medicinal drugs by drivers.
The main aim of this study was to obtain more insight in the use of psychoactive substances among
drivers in European traffic. Thirteen countries participated in this study by conducting roadside surveys
according to a general design. In total almost 50,000 randomly selected drivers participated between
January 2007 and July 2009.
All participating countries are members of the European Union (EU) except for Norway, which is
associated with the European Union as a member of the European Economic Area (EEA).
Participants, i.e. drivers of passenger cars and vans, were randomly selected using a stratified multistage
sampling design. In the first stage, one or more regions per country were selected. These
regions were meant to be representative for the country with regard to substance use and traffic
distribution. Within the selected regions smaller research areas were selected, and within these areas,
survey locations were selected, where subjects were stopped at random, and were requested to
participate in the study. With regard to days of the week and times of the day, the study population
sample was stratified into eight time periods over the week, for each of the survey areas. The time
periods did not overlap each other and covered all the days of the week and all times of the day.
AB - DRUID (Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol and Medicines) aimed to combat the problem of
driving under the influence of psychoactive substances by providing a solid scientific base for
European policy makers. It brought together experienced organisations in Europe to assemble a coordinated
set of data resources and measures. DRUID is an integrated European research project
which consisted of different sub-projects (Work Packages) that were aimed at different topics such as
the prevalence and risk of psychoactive substances, enforcement, classification of medicines,
rehabilitation of offenders and withdrawal of driving licenses (www.druid-project.eu).
The main objective of WP2 of DRUID was to assess the situation in Europe regarding the prevalence
and risk of the use of illicit drugs, alcohol and psychoactive medicinal drugs by drivers.
The main aim of this study was to obtain more insight in the use of psychoactive substances among
drivers in European traffic. Thirteen countries participated in this study by conducting roadside surveys
according to a general design. In total almost 50,000 randomly selected drivers participated between
January 2007 and July 2009.
All participating countries are members of the European Union (EU) except for Norway, which is
associated with the European Union as a member of the European Economic Area (EEA).
Participants, i.e. drivers of passenger cars and vans, were randomly selected using a stratified multistage
sampling design. In the first stage, one or more regions per country were selected. These
regions were meant to be representative for the country with regard to substance use and traffic
distribution. Within the selected regions smaller research areas were selected, and within these areas,
survey locations were selected, where subjects were stopped at random, and were requested to
participate in the study. With regard to days of the week and times of the day, the study population
sample was stratified into eight time periods over the week, for each of the survey areas. The time
periods did not overlap each other and covered all the days of the week and all times of the day.
M3 - Report
VL - 1: General results
T3 - Project No. TREN-05-FP6TR-S07.61320-518404-DRUID
BT - Prevalence of alcohol and other psychoactive substances in drivers in general traffic. Part I: General results
ER -