Performance and sulfur tolerance of a short stack with solid oxide cells using infiltrated strontium titanate based anodes

J.O. Christensen; G. Longo; H. Bausinger; A. Mai; B.R. Sudireddy; A. Hagen

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233458

Performance and sulfur tolerance of a short stack with solid oxide cells using infiltrated strontium titanate based anodes

J.O. Christensen^*
, G. Longo
, H. Bausinger
, A. Mai
, B.R. Sudireddy
, A. Hagen

^*Corresponding author for this work

Hexis AG

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology offers reliable and efficient power generation from electrochemical oxidation of fuel gasses. State-of-the-art (SoA) anodes based on Ni cermets are prone to poisoning by fuel impurities, including sulfur. Next generation anode materials should be more robust towards sulfur poisoning e.g. in the event of failure or expiry of desulfurization units utilized in SOFC systems. Herein we present the performance and sulfur tolerance of short stacks with large area electrolyte supported cells with Ni:Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9 (CGO) and FeNi:CGO co-infiltrated La_0.4Sr_0.4Fe_0.03Ni_0.03Ti_0.94O₃ (LSFNT) anodes tested under real-life conditions using reformed grid natural gas and an upstream, bypassable desulfurization unit. The initial performance at 750 °C and 850 °C was similar to a SoA cell with Ni/CGO cermet anode for both types of infiltrate. Bypassing the desulfurization unit led to a much lower performance loss compared to SoA. Additionally, the cells with LSFNT anodes showed almost complete recovery of performance after stopping the exposure to sulfur, whereas the reference SoA cell experienced some degree of irreversible degradation. Based on the promising initial performance and tolerance towards failure of desulfurization units, LSFNT anodes infiltrated with non-noble electrocatalysts are attractive candidates for next generation SOFC systems.

Original language	English
Article number	233458
Journal	Journal of Power Sources
Volume	580
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0378-7753
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233458
Publication status	Published - 2023

Bibliographical note

This project has received funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking (now Clean Hydrogen Partnership) under Grant Agreement No 874577. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program, Hydrogen Europe and Hydrogen Europe Research.

Keywords

Solid oxide fuel cell
Sulfur tolerance
Lanthanum doped strontium titanate
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Short stack
Electrolyte supported cell

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@article{1543992d3c444c7aaa564011d4e1da32,

title = "Performance and sulfur tolerance of a short stack with solid oxide cells using infiltrated strontium titanate based anodes",

abstract = "Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology offers reliable and efficient power generation from electrochemical oxidation of fuel gasses. State-of-the-art (SoA) anodes based on Ni cermets are prone to poisoning by fuel impurities, including sulfur. Next generation anode materials should be more robust towards sulfur poisoning e.g. in the event of failure or expiry of desulfurization units utilized in SOFC systems. Herein we present the performance and sulfur tolerance of short stacks with large area electrolyte supported cells with Ni:Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (CGO) and FeNi:CGO co-infiltrated La0.4Sr0.4Fe0.03Ni0.03Ti0.94O3 (LSFNT) anodes tested under real-life conditions using reformed grid natural gas and an upstream, bypassable desulfurization unit. The initial performance at 750 °C and 850 °C was similar to a SoA cell with Ni/CGO cermet anode for both types of infiltrate. Bypassing the desulfurization unit led to a much lower performance loss compared to SoA. Additionally, the cells with LSFNT anodes showed almost complete recovery of performance after stopping the exposure to sulfur, whereas the reference SoA cell experienced some degree of irreversible degradation. Based on the promising initial performance and tolerance towards failure of desulfurization units, LSFNT anodes infiltrated with non-noble electrocatalysts are attractive candidates for next generation SOFC systems.",

keywords = "Solid oxide fuel cell, Sulfur tolerance, Lanthanum doped strontium titanate, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Short stack, Electrolyte supported cell",

author = "J.O. Christensen and G. Longo and H. Bausinger and A. Mai and B.R. Sudireddy and A. Hagen",

note = "This project has received funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking (now Clean Hydrogen Partnership) under Grant Agreement No 874577. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program, Hydrogen Europe and Hydrogen Europe Research.",

year = "2023",

doi = "10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233458",

language = "English",

volume = "580",

journal = "Journal of Power Sources",

issn = "0378-7753",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Performance and sulfur tolerance of a short stack with solid oxide cells using infiltrated strontium titanate based anodes

AU - Christensen, J.O.

AU - Longo, G.

AU - Bausinger, H.

AU - Mai, A.

AU - Sudireddy, B.R.

AU - Hagen, A.

N1 - This project has received funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking (now Clean Hydrogen Partnership) under Grant Agreement No 874577. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program, Hydrogen Europe and Hydrogen Europe Research.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology offers reliable and efficient power generation from electrochemical oxidation of fuel gasses. State-of-the-art (SoA) anodes based on Ni cermets are prone to poisoning by fuel impurities, including sulfur. Next generation anode materials should be more robust towards sulfur poisoning e.g. in the event of failure or expiry of desulfurization units utilized in SOFC systems. Herein we present the performance and sulfur tolerance of short stacks with large area electrolyte supported cells with Ni:Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (CGO) and FeNi:CGO co-infiltrated La0.4Sr0.4Fe0.03Ni0.03Ti0.94O3 (LSFNT) anodes tested under real-life conditions using reformed grid natural gas and an upstream, bypassable desulfurization unit. The initial performance at 750 °C and 850 °C was similar to a SoA cell with Ni/CGO cermet anode for both types of infiltrate. Bypassing the desulfurization unit led to a much lower performance loss compared to SoA. Additionally, the cells with LSFNT anodes showed almost complete recovery of performance after stopping the exposure to sulfur, whereas the reference SoA cell experienced some degree of irreversible degradation. Based on the promising initial performance and tolerance towards failure of desulfurization units, LSFNT anodes infiltrated with non-noble electrocatalysts are attractive candidates for next generation SOFC systems.

AB - Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology offers reliable and efficient power generation from electrochemical oxidation of fuel gasses. State-of-the-art (SoA) anodes based on Ni cermets are prone to poisoning by fuel impurities, including sulfur. Next generation anode materials should be more robust towards sulfur poisoning e.g. in the event of failure or expiry of desulfurization units utilized in SOFC systems. Herein we present the performance and sulfur tolerance of short stacks with large area electrolyte supported cells with Ni:Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (CGO) and FeNi:CGO co-infiltrated La0.4Sr0.4Fe0.03Ni0.03Ti0.94O3 (LSFNT) anodes tested under real-life conditions using reformed grid natural gas and an upstream, bypassable desulfurization unit. The initial performance at 750 °C and 850 °C was similar to a SoA cell with Ni/CGO cermet anode for both types of infiltrate. Bypassing the desulfurization unit led to a much lower performance loss compared to SoA. Additionally, the cells with LSFNT anodes showed almost complete recovery of performance after stopping the exposure to sulfur, whereas the reference SoA cell experienced some degree of irreversible degradation. Based on the promising initial performance and tolerance towards failure of desulfurization units, LSFNT anodes infiltrated with non-noble electrocatalysts are attractive candidates for next generation SOFC systems.

KW - Solid oxide fuel cell

KW - Sulfur tolerance

KW - Lanthanum doped strontium titanate

KW - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

KW - Short stack

KW - Electrolyte supported cell

U2 - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233458

DO - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233458

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0378-7753

VL - 580

JO - Journal of Power Sources

JF - Journal of Power Sources

M1 - 233458

ER -

Performance and sulfur tolerance of a short stack with solid oxide cells using infiltrated strontium titanate based anodes

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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