Performance analysis of ammonia in solid oxide fuel cells

S. Nuggehalli Sampathkumar; X. Sun; S. Joris; J. Van Herle; P. H. Middleton; H. L. Frandsen

doi:10.1149/10301.0185ecst

Performance analysis of ammonia in solid oxide fuel cells

S. Nuggehalli Sampathkumar, X. Sun, S. Joris, J. Van Herle, P. H. Middleton, H. L. Frandsen

Department of Energy Conversion and Storage

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › Research › peer-review

Abstract

Ammonia (NH₃) has 17.8 wt% hydrogen and is easily liquified at 25°C and 8 bar pressure. Ammonia is carbon-free and can be produced sustainably at large scale and low cost. Solid oxide fuel cells generate electricity with efficiencies greater than 60 % and can use ammonia as fuel without the need for external cracking. In this work, a single-cell SOFC was characterized using the in-situ ammonia decomposition reaction (Int-ADR) and compared with the ex-situ ammonia decomposition reaction (Ext-ADR), and pure hydrogen (H2 100%), between temperatures of 750°C and 850°C. Constant load tests performed at 800°C with 84% fuel utilization reached the LHV efficiency of 58%. The open-circuit voltage (OCV) of Int-ADR was similar to that of Ext- ADR, confirming that usage of ammonia as fuel in the Ni-YSZ anode involved two steps (i) ammonia decomposition into nitrogen and hydrogen and (ii) electrochemical conversion of hydrogen into steam.

Original language	English
Journal	ECS Transactions
Volume	103
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	185-199
Number of pages	15
ISSN	1938-5862
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1149/10301.0185ecst
Publication status	Published - 2021
Event	17th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells - Stockholm, Sweden Duration: 18 Jul 2021 → 23 Jul 2021 Conference number: 17

Conference

Conference	17th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Number	17
Country/Territory	Sweden
City	Stockholm
Period	18/07/2021 → 23/07/2021

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title = "Performance analysis of ammonia in solid oxide fuel cells",

abstract = "Ammonia (NH3) has 17.8 wt% hydrogen and is easily liquified at 25°C and 8 bar pressure. Ammonia is carbon-free and can be produced sustainably at large scale and low cost. Solid oxide fuel cells generate electricity with efficiencies greater than 60 % and can use ammonia as fuel without the need for external cracking. In this work, a single-cell SOFC was characterized using the in-situ ammonia decomposition reaction (Int-ADR) and compared with the ex-situ ammonia decomposition reaction (Ext-ADR), and pure hydrogen (H2 100%), between temperatures of 750°C and 850°C. Constant load tests performed at 800°C with 84% fuel utilization reached the LHV efficiency of 58%. The open-circuit voltage (OCV) of Int-ADR was similar to that of Ext- ADR, confirming that usage of ammonia as fuel in the Ni-YSZ anode involved two steps (i) ammonia decomposition into nitrogen and hydrogen and (ii) electrochemical conversion of hydrogen into steam.",

author = "Sampathkumar, {S. Nuggehalli} and X. Sun and S. Joris and {Van Herle}, J. and Middleton, {P. H.} and Frandsen, {H. L.}",

year = "2021",

doi = "10.1149/10301.0185ecst",

language = "English",

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AU - Sampathkumar, S. Nuggehalli

AU - Sun, X.

AU - Joris, S.

AU - Van Herle, J.

AU - Middleton, P. H.

AU - Frandsen, H. L.

N1 - Conference code: 17

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Ammonia (NH3) has 17.8 wt% hydrogen and is easily liquified at 25°C and 8 bar pressure. Ammonia is carbon-free and can be produced sustainably at large scale and low cost. Solid oxide fuel cells generate electricity with efficiencies greater than 60 % and can use ammonia as fuel without the need for external cracking. In this work, a single-cell SOFC was characterized using the in-situ ammonia decomposition reaction (Int-ADR) and compared with the ex-situ ammonia decomposition reaction (Ext-ADR), and pure hydrogen (H2 100%), between temperatures of 750°C and 850°C. Constant load tests performed at 800°C with 84% fuel utilization reached the LHV efficiency of 58%. The open-circuit voltage (OCV) of Int-ADR was similar to that of Ext- ADR, confirming that usage of ammonia as fuel in the Ni-YSZ anode involved two steps (i) ammonia decomposition into nitrogen and hydrogen and (ii) electrochemical conversion of hydrogen into steam.

AB - Ammonia (NH3) has 17.8 wt% hydrogen and is easily liquified at 25°C and 8 bar pressure. Ammonia is carbon-free and can be produced sustainably at large scale and low cost. Solid oxide fuel cells generate electricity with efficiencies greater than 60 % and can use ammonia as fuel without the need for external cracking. In this work, a single-cell SOFC was characterized using the in-situ ammonia decomposition reaction (Int-ADR) and compared with the ex-situ ammonia decomposition reaction (Ext-ADR), and pure hydrogen (H2 100%), between temperatures of 750°C and 850°C. Constant load tests performed at 800°C with 84% fuel utilization reached the LHV efficiency of 58%. The open-circuit voltage (OCV) of Int-ADR was similar to that of Ext- ADR, confirming that usage of ammonia as fuel in the Ni-YSZ anode involved two steps (i) ammonia decomposition into nitrogen and hydrogen and (ii) electrochemical conversion of hydrogen into steam.

U2 - 10.1149/10301.0185ecst

DO - 10.1149/10301.0185ecst

M3 - Conference article

SN - 1938-5862

VL - 103

SP - 185

EP - 199

JO - ECS Transactions

JF - ECS Transactions

IS - 1

T2 - 17th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Y2 - 18 July 2021 through 23 July 2021

ER -

Performance analysis of ammonia in solid oxide fuel cells

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