Outlet glacier flow response to surface melt: based on analysis of a high-resolution satellite data set

Signe H. Larsen*, Andreas P. Ahlstrøm, Nanna B. Karlsson, Anders Kusk, Peter L. Langen, Christine S. Hvidberg

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

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Abstract

The dynamics of the Greenland Ice Sheet are affected by surface meltwater reaching the base of the ice, altering ice contact with the bedrock. Lack of understanding of this evolution hampers the ability to predict the effects of increasing temperatures on the Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance. Here we present a unique high-resolution study of ice velocity response to surface melting based on data from a COSMO-SkyMed satellite campaign over Upernavik Isstrøm (Northwest
Greenland) for two months around the end of the 2014 melt season. We show that the velocity variations, due to both short-term (days) and seasonal variations in surface melt rates, are increasing in relative strength farther from the glacier terminus. Furthermore, we observe how ice dynamic response to frontal retreat, reaching several kilometres inland, can obscure the meltwater-induced velocity change close to the terminus. Future studies should consider the flow velocity dependence on the distance to the terminus, and local geometry, to distinguish subglacial hydrologic system changes from frontal processes and local basal conditions.
Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Glaciology
Volume69
Issue number276
Pages (from-to)1047–1055
ISSN0022-1430
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023

Keywords

  • Ice dynamics
  • Ice streams
  • Subglacial processes

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