Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes

N. C. Gellert; S. Massahi; D. D. M. Ferreira; F. E. Christensen; S. Svendsen; A. 'S Jegers; K. K. Madsen

doi:10.1117/12.2629366

Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes

N. C. Gellert^*
, S. Massahi
, D. D. M. Ferreira
, F. E. Christensen
, S. Svendsen
, A. 'S Jegers
, K. K. Madsen

^*Corresponding author for this work

University of Maryland, Baltimore

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

Nanometer-thin multilayer coatings can enable high performance of focusing X-ray telescopes to energies up to 200 keV and beyond. In this paper we discuss the multilayer parameters and their limitations necessary for the reflection of hard X-ray photons. We present several multilayer coating designs that are optimized with a Differential Evolution algorithm to perform a stochastic global search of the multi-parametric model space. The coating designs are based on the new specifications of the HEX-P mission geometry, optimizing within the energy range 60 keV - 200 keV. We compare the simulated reflectivity spectra of Si/Ni, Si/Pt and Si/W, at different incident angles. We find the effective upper limit of bilayers in the multilayer stack, beyond which reflectivity will not be increased. We discuss a hybrid multilayer coating design, consisting of either a Si/Pt or Si/W multilayer with a top Si/Ni multilayer.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of SPIE : Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray
Editors	Jan-Willem A. den Herder, Shouleh Nikzad, Kazuhiro Nakazawa
Number of pages	10
Volume	12181
Publisher	SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Publication date	2022
Article number	121814K
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2629366
Publication status	Published - 2022
Event	Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray - Montréal, Canada Duration: 17 Jul 2022 → 22 Jul 2022 https://spie.org/as/conferencedetails/space-telescopes-and-instrumentation-uv-to-gamma?SSO=1

Conference

Conference	Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray
Country/Territory	Canada
City	Montréal
Period	17/07/2022 → 22/07/2022
Internet address	https://spie.org/as/conferencedetails/space-telescopes-and-instrumentation-uv-to-gamma?SSO=1

Series	Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Volume	12181
ISSN	0277-786X

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Gellert, N. C., Massahi, S., Ferreira, D. D. M., Christensen, F. E., Svendsen, S., 'S Jegers, A., & Madsen, K. K. (2022). Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes. In J.-W. A. den Herder, S. Nikzad, & K. Nakazawa (Eds.), Proceedings of SPIE: Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray (Vol. 12181). Article 121814K SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2629366

Gellert, N. C. ; Massahi, S. ; Ferreira, D. D. M. et al. / Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes. Proceedings of SPIE: Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray. editor / Jan-Willem A. den Herder ; Shouleh Nikzad ; Kazuhiro Nakazawa. Vol. 12181 SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2022. (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 12181).

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title = "Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes",

abstract = "Nanometer-thin multilayer coatings can enable high performance of focusing X-ray telescopes to energies up to 200 keV and beyond. In this paper we discuss the multilayer parameters and their limitations necessary for the reflection of hard X-ray photons. We present several multilayer coating designs that are optimized with a Differential Evolution algorithm to perform a stochastic global search of the multi-parametric model space. The coating designs are based on the new specifications of the HEX-P mission geometry, optimizing within the energy range 60 keV - 200 keV. We compare the simulated reflectivity spectra of Si/Ni, Si/Pt and Si/W, at different incident angles. We find the effective upper limit of bilayers in the multilayer stack, beyond which reflectivity will not be increased. We discuss a hybrid multilayer coating design, consisting of either a Si/Pt or Si/W multilayer with a top Si/Ni multilayer.",

author = "Gellert, \{N. C.\} and S. Massahi and Ferreira, \{D. D. M.\} and Christensen, \{F. E.\} and S. Svendsen and \{'S Jegers\}, A. and Madsen, \{K. K.\}",

year = "2022",

doi = "10.1117/12.2629366",

language = "English",

volume = "12181",

series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",

publisher = "SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",

editor = "\{A. den Herder\}, \{Jan-Willem \} and Nikzad, \{Shouleh \} and Nakazawa, \{Kazuhiro \}",

booktitle = "Proceedings of SPIE",

note = "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray ; Conference date: 17-07-2022 Through 22-07-2022",

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Gellert, NC , Massahi, S , Ferreira, DDM , Christensen, FE , Svendsen, S , 'S Jegers, A & Madsen, KK 2022, Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes. in J-W A. den Herder, S Nikzad & K Nakazawa (eds), Proceedings of SPIE: Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray. vol. 12181, 121814K, SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 12181, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, Montréal, Quebec, Canada, 17/07/2022. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2629366

Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes. / Gellert, N. C.; Massahi, S.; Ferreira, D. D. M. et al.
Proceedings of SPIE: Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray. ed. / Jan-Willem A. den Herder; Shouleh Nikzad; Kazuhiro Nakazawa. Vol. 12181 SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2022. 121814K (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 12181).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes

AU - Gellert, N. C.

AU - Massahi, S.

AU - Ferreira, D. D. M.

AU - Christensen, F. E.

AU - Svendsen, S.

AU - 'S Jegers, A.

AU - Madsen, K. K.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Nanometer-thin multilayer coatings can enable high performance of focusing X-ray telescopes to energies up to 200 keV and beyond. In this paper we discuss the multilayer parameters and their limitations necessary for the reflection of hard X-ray photons. We present several multilayer coating designs that are optimized with a Differential Evolution algorithm to perform a stochastic global search of the multi-parametric model space. The coating designs are based on the new specifications of the HEX-P mission geometry, optimizing within the energy range 60 keV - 200 keV. We compare the simulated reflectivity spectra of Si/Ni, Si/Pt and Si/W, at different incident angles. We find the effective upper limit of bilayers in the multilayer stack, beyond which reflectivity will not be increased. We discuss a hybrid multilayer coating design, consisting of either a Si/Pt or Si/W multilayer with a top Si/Ni multilayer.

AB - Nanometer-thin multilayer coatings can enable high performance of focusing X-ray telescopes to energies up to 200 keV and beyond. In this paper we discuss the multilayer parameters and their limitations necessary for the reflection of hard X-ray photons. We present several multilayer coating designs that are optimized with a Differential Evolution algorithm to perform a stochastic global search of the multi-parametric model space. The coating designs are based on the new specifications of the HEX-P mission geometry, optimizing within the energy range 60 keV - 200 keV. We compare the simulated reflectivity spectra of Si/Ni, Si/Pt and Si/W, at different incident angles. We find the effective upper limit of bilayers in the multilayer stack, beyond which reflectivity will not be increased. We discuss a hybrid multilayer coating design, consisting of either a Si/Pt or Si/W multilayer with a top Si/Ni multilayer.

U2 - 10.1117/12.2629366

DO - 10.1117/12.2629366

M3 - Article in proceedings

VL - 12181

T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

BT - Proceedings of SPIE

A2 - A. den Herder, Jan-Willem

A2 - Nikzad, Shouleh

A2 - Nakazawa, Kazuhiro

PB - SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

T2 - Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray

Y2 - 17 July 2022 through 22 July 2022

ER -

Gellert NC , Massahi S , Ferreira DDM , Christensen FE , Svendsen S , 'S Jegers A et al. Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes. In A. den Herder JW, Nikzad S, Nakazawa K, editors, Proceedings of SPIE: Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray. Vol. 12181. SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. 2022. 121814K. (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 12181). doi: 10.1117/12.2629366

Optimization of multilayer coatings for future high-energy focusing telescopes

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