Optimal microstructural design for high thermal stability of pure FCC metals based on studying effect of twin boundaries character and network of grain boundaries

Three nickel electrodeposits with comparable grain size were synthesized by tailoring the electrodeposition conditions. Thorough microstructural characterizations including electron backscatter diffraction, ion channeling contrast imaging, electron channeling contrast imaging, transmission Kikuchi diffraction, transmission electron and high annular dark-field imaging were applied. The deposits contain a high density of twin boundaries with similar microstructures in terms of grain boundary character. These materials were annealed at various temperatures to study the microstructural evolution, and hence, their thermal stability. The differences in the character of twin boundaries and morphology of the grain boundaries in as-deposited state and their influence on the microstructural evolution at elevated temperatures are analyzed. The importance of incoherent twin boundaries, and the interaction of mobile general high angle boundaries with stationary boundaries are discussed. Finally, an optimal design for high thermal stability is proposed, based on the mechanisms that were inferred from the results.