Offshore Wind Resources

The planning of offshore wind farms relies on information about the offshore wind climate. The annual energy production of wind farms is based on the winds occurring at the wind farm site. Wind measurements are taken from floating buoy systems equipped with wind lidars. Wind lidars measure the winds at several heights including the wind turbine hub height. Atmospheric models complement the assessment of offshore wind resources at the global scale. During operations of wind farms, the forecasting of winds and other meteorological parameters play a vital role. Weather phenomena such as typhoons, low-level jets, and tornados may exhibit particular impact to wind turbines. Furthermore, rain and hail may erode the leading edge of wind turbine blades. Climate change may impact the atmospheric conditions relevant for the future offshore wind farms.