TY - JOUR
T1 - Next Generation of Brain Cancer Nanomedicines to Overcome the Blood–Brain Barrier (BBB)
T2 - Insights on Transcytosis, Perivascular Tumor Growth, and BBB Models
AU - Bor, Gizem
AU - Hosta-Rigau, Leticia
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Therapeutics published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Brain cancers, particularly malignant gliomas such as glioblastoma, are highly invasive and characterized by elevated complexity, heterogeneity, and high infiltration ability. Therefore, they pose a significant challenge to conventional treatments due to the limited drug permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), the involvement of numerous acquired and intrinsic drug resistance mechanisms in metastatic brain tumors, and the high sensitivity of surrounding healthy tissues. Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, their prognosis remains poor, with their median overall survival rarely exceeding 12 months. To overcome these limitations, different nanomedicine-based therapeutic approaches have recently been proposed, aiming to provide more effective and safer drug delivery for targeting brain cancers. However, most reported nanomedicines to date have failed to meet the high expectations in the clinic. This fact can be attributed to limited understanding of brain tumor biology and lack of knowledge about bio-nanoparticle interactions, among other factors. This review discusses recent progress in brain cancer nanomedicines, with a particular focus in understanding intracellular sorting mechanisms, perivascular tumor growth, and the design of advanced BBB models. It also highlights how an improved understanding of brain tumor biology can pave the way for designing safer and more effective nanomedicines for brain cancer treatment.
AB - Brain cancers, particularly malignant gliomas such as glioblastoma, are highly invasive and characterized by elevated complexity, heterogeneity, and high infiltration ability. Therefore, they pose a significant challenge to conventional treatments due to the limited drug permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), the involvement of numerous acquired and intrinsic drug resistance mechanisms in metastatic brain tumors, and the high sensitivity of surrounding healthy tissues. Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, their prognosis remains poor, with their median overall survival rarely exceeding 12 months. To overcome these limitations, different nanomedicine-based therapeutic approaches have recently been proposed, aiming to provide more effective and safer drug delivery for targeting brain cancers. However, most reported nanomedicines to date have failed to meet the high expectations in the clinic. This fact can be attributed to limited understanding of brain tumor biology and lack of knowledge about bio-nanoparticle interactions, among other factors. This review discusses recent progress in brain cancer nanomedicines, with a particular focus in understanding intracellular sorting mechanisms, perivascular tumor growth, and the design of advanced BBB models. It also highlights how an improved understanding of brain tumor biology can pave the way for designing safer and more effective nanomedicines for brain cancer treatment.
KW - Blood–brain barrier models
KW - Brain cancer
KW - Nanomedicine
KW - Perivascular invasion
KW - Transcytosis
U2 - 10.1002/adtp.202300161
DO - 10.1002/adtp.202300161
M3 - Review
AN - SCOPUS:85171997747
SN - 2366-3987
VL - 6
JO - Advanced Therapeutics
JF - Advanced Therapeutics
IS - 12
M1 - 2300161
ER -