Near-field acoustic holography with sound pressure and particle velocity measurements

Near-field acoustic holography (NAH) is a powerful sound source identification technique that makes it possible to reconstruct and extract all the information of the sound field radiated by a source in a very efficient manner, readily providing a complete representation of the acoustic field under examination. This is crucial in many areas of acoustics where such a thorough insight into the sound radiated by a source can be essential. This study examines novel acoustic array technology in near-field acoustic holography and sound source identification. The study focuses on three aspects, namely the use of particle velocity measurements and combined pressure-velocity measurements in NAH, the relation between the near-field and the far-field radiation from sound sources via the supersonic acoustic intensity, and finally, the reconstruction of sound fields using rigid spherical microphone arrays. Measurement of the particle velocity has notable potential in NAH, and furthermore, combined measurement of sound pressure and particle velocity opens a new range of possibilities that are examined in this study. On this basis, sound field separation methods have been studied, and a new measurement principle based on double layer measurements of the particle velocity has been proposed. Also, the relation between near-field and far-field radiation from sound sources has been examined using the concept of the supersonic intensity. The calculation of this quantity has been extended to other holographic methods, and studied under the light of different measurement principles. A direct formulation in space domain has been proposed, and the experimental validity of the quantity has been demonstrated. Additionally, the use of rigid spherical microphone arrays in near-field acoustic holography has been examined, and a method has been proposed that can reconstruct the incident sound field and compensate for the scattering introduced by the rigid sphere. It is the purpose of this dissertation to present the relevant findings, discuss the contribution of the PhD study, and frame it in the context of the existing body of knowledge.