TY - JOUR
T1 - Methods for Calibration of Specimen Temperature During In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Experiments
AU - Gaulandris, Fabrizio
AU - Simonsen, Søren Bredmose
AU - Wagner, Jakob Birkedal
AU - Mølhave, Kristian
AU - Muto, Shun
AU - Kuhn, Luise Theil
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - One of the biggest challenges for in situ heating transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is the ability to measure the local temperature of the specimen accurately. Despite technological improvements in the construction of TEM/STEM heating holders, the problem of being able to measure the real sample temperature is still the subject of considerable discussion. In this study, we review the present literature on methodologies for temperature calibration. We analyze calibration methods that require the use of a thermometric material in addition to the specimen under study, as well as methods that can be performed directly on the specimen of interest without the need for a previous calibration. Finally, an overview of the most important characteristics of all the treated techniques, including temperature ranges and uncertainties, is provided in order to provide an accessory database to consult before an in situ TEM/STEM temperature calibration experiment.
AB - One of the biggest challenges for in situ heating transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is the ability to measure the local temperature of the specimen accurately. Despite technological improvements in the construction of TEM/STEM heating holders, the problem of being able to measure the real sample temperature is still the subject of considerable discussion. In this study, we review the present literature on methodologies for temperature calibration. We analyze calibration methods that require the use of a thermometric material in addition to the specimen under study, as well as methods that can be performed directly on the specimen of interest without the need for a previous calibration. Finally, an overview of the most important characteristics of all the treated techniques, including temperature ranges and uncertainties, is provided in order to provide an accessory database to consult before an in situ TEM/STEM temperature calibration experiment.
U2 - 10.1017/s1431927619015344
DO - 10.1017/s1431927619015344
M3 - Review
SN - 1431-9276
VL - 26
SP - 3
EP - 17
JO - Microscopy and Microanalysis
JF - Microscopy and Microanalysis
IS - 1
ER -