Measurements of normal and frictional forces in a rolling process

To improve the quality of frictional data and to validate the simulations in rolling, a load transducer for measuring normal and frictional stresses in the deformation zone has been developed. The transducer consists of a strain-gauge-equipped insert embedded in the surface of the roll. The length of the insert exceeds the contact length. By analysing the output from the insert, the frictional stress and normal pressure in the contact zone can be determined. The new concept differs from existing pin designs by less disturbance of lubricant film and material flow and limited penetration of material between the transducer and roll. The transducer is tested at laboratory conditions and is expected to be running in industrial conditions in 2004.