Locating replenishment stations for electric vehicles: Application to Danish traffic data

Environment-friendly electric vehicles have gained substantial attention in governments, industry and universities. The deployment of a network of recharging stations is essential given their limited travel range. This paper considers the problem of locating electronic replenishment stations for electric vehicles on a traffic network with flow-based demand. The objective is to optimize the network performance, for example to maximize the flow covered by a prefixed number of stations, or to minimize the number of stations needed to cover traffic flows. Two mixed integer linear programming formulations are proposed to model the problem. These models are tested on real-life traffic data collected in Denmark. Computational results are presented.