TY - RPRT
T1 - Investigation of DC Collection Networks for Offshore Wind Farms
AU - Vogel, Stephan
A2 - Rasmussen, Tonny Wederberg
A2 - El-Khatib, Walid Ziad
N1 - Master thesis
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - The possibility to connect offshore wind turbines with a collection network based
on Direct Current (DC), instead of Alternating Current (AC), gained attention
in the scientific and industrial environment. There are many promising properties
of DC components that could be beneficial such as: smaller dimensions,
less weight, fewer conductors, no reactive power considerations, and less overall
losses due to the absence of proximity and skin effects. On the other hand, challenges
arise due to low grid impedance, high input and output current ripple of
DC/DC converters, and high fault currents in case of an incident.
To provide a solid foundation for a DC collection network simulation, intensive
research of electrical representations of components was performed, and suitable
models were identified and implemented in the transient simulation program
PSCAD. By utilizing this tool, transient effects and fault scenarios in wind turbine
converters, cables, and in the High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) link,
were studied. The steady-state simulations of the system showed high ripple current
due to the low grid impedance and the high input and output ripple of the
converter. Three different solutions have been proposed to reduce the ripple. In
general, the proposed DC grid shows a good transient response to disturbances,
and steady-state conditions are regained after the faults. As expected, peak
current and voltages during fault conditions reached high magnitudes up to 15
times the nominal value.
Additionally, each model of the DC grid has been evaluated regarding losses,
and an overall efficiency of the DC collection network was found to be 94.9%.
AB - The possibility to connect offshore wind turbines with a collection network based
on Direct Current (DC), instead of Alternating Current (AC), gained attention
in the scientific and industrial environment. There are many promising properties
of DC components that could be beneficial such as: smaller dimensions,
less weight, fewer conductors, no reactive power considerations, and less overall
losses due to the absence of proximity and skin effects. On the other hand, challenges
arise due to low grid impedance, high input and output current ripple of
DC/DC converters, and high fault currents in case of an incident.
To provide a solid foundation for a DC collection network simulation, intensive
research of electrical representations of components was performed, and suitable
models were identified and implemented in the transient simulation program
PSCAD. By utilizing this tool, transient effects and fault scenarios in wind turbine
converters, cables, and in the High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) link,
were studied. The steady-state simulations of the system showed high ripple current
due to the low grid impedance and the high input and output ripple of the
converter. Three different solutions have been proposed to reduce the ripple. In
general, the proposed DC grid shows a good transient response to disturbances,
and steady-state conditions are regained after the faults. As expected, peak
current and voltages during fault conditions reached high magnitudes up to 15
times the nominal value.
Additionally, each model of the DC grid has been evaluated regarding losses,
and an overall efficiency of the DC collection network was found to be 94.9%.
M3 - Report
BT - Investigation of DC Collection Networks for Offshore Wind Farms
PB - Technical University of Denmark
ER -