Abstract
Accurate measurements of crystal precipitation on surfaces present a fascinating scientific challenge. In the industry, crystal precipitation is also a significant problem, as it is present in heat exchangers, geothermal processes, food production and handling. Mitigation of crystallization fouling requires accurate measurements, leading to better models for predicting formation. To this extent, multiple experimental set-ups have been utilized, batch reactors, plug flow and rotating cylinder reactors. We propose a plug flow reactor mounted inside an X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner capable of measuring spatial and temporal resolution to address this problem. A custom-built flow set-up was constructed to achieve a high spatial resolution. BaSO4 scale was formed by mixing two incompatible brines of Na2SO4 and BaCl2. The mixing was performed with two peristaltic pumps, ensuring a constant flow rate and allowing for both laminar and turbulent flow conditions. Heating is achieved by passing the flow lines through a heating bath and is kept constant by a heating hose that enters the CT cabinet. The deposition occurs in a custom-made steel deposition cell with a wall thickness of 0.1 mm, which allows for a better resolution of the inside of the cell. The temporal resolution was achieved by using an in-house developed reconstruction method. The reconstruction is performed with a reconstruction algorithm called SIRT-LC that uses a high-quality reconstruction of the sample, which is segmented to constrain the reconstruction of the dynamic data such that image quality is retained even if the number of projections is very low. CT scanning was analysed with a volumetric deposition rate and surface coverage analysis.
Original language | English |
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Publication date | 2022 |
Number of pages | 4 |
Publication status | Published - 2022 |
Event | 16th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies - Lyon, France Duration: 23 Oct 2022 → 27 Oct 2022 |
Conference
Conference | 16th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies |
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Country/Territory | France |
City | Lyon |
Period | 23/10/2022 → 27/10/2022 |
Keywords
- Crystallisation
- Fouling
- Scaling; In-situ measurements
- Crystal Growth
- X-ray CT-scanning