TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of thermostatically controlled loads' demand response activation on aggregated power: A field experiment
AU - Lakshmanan, Venkatachalam
AU - Marinelli, Mattia
AU - Kosek, Anna Magdalena
AU - Nørgård, Per Bromand
AU - Bindner, Henrik W.
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - This paper describes the impacts of different types of DR (demand response) activation on TCLs' (thermostatically
controlled loads) aggregated power. The different parties: power system operators, DR
service providers (or aggregators) and consumers, have different objectives in relation to DR activation.
The outcome of this experimental study quantifies the actual flexibility of household TCLs and the
consequence for the different parties with respect to power behaviour. Each DR activation method adopts
different scenarios to meet the power reduction, and has different impacts on the parameters. The experiments
are conducted with real domestic refrigerators representing TCL. Activating refrigerators for
DR with a delay reduces the ISE (integral square error) in power limitation by 28.46%, overshoot by 7.69%.
The delay in refrigerator activation causes reduction in power ramp down rate by 39.90%, ramp up rate
by 21.30% and the instantaneous average temperature increases by 0.13% in comparison with the scenario
without activation delay.
AB - This paper describes the impacts of different types of DR (demand response) activation on TCLs' (thermostatically
controlled loads) aggregated power. The different parties: power system operators, DR
service providers (or aggregators) and consumers, have different objectives in relation to DR activation.
The outcome of this experimental study quantifies the actual flexibility of household TCLs and the
consequence for the different parties with respect to power behaviour. Each DR activation method adopts
different scenarios to meet the power reduction, and has different impacts on the parameters. The experiments
are conducted with real domestic refrigerators representing TCL. Activating refrigerators for
DR with a delay reduces the ISE (integral square error) in power limitation by 28.46%, overshoot by 7.69%.
The delay in refrigerator activation causes reduction in power ramp down rate by 39.90%, ramp up rate
by 21.30% and the instantaneous average temperature increases by 0.13% in comparison with the scenario
without activation delay.
KW - Demand response
KW - Domestic energy resources
KW - Aggregator
KW - Load management
KW - Flexible electricity demands
KW - Smart grid
U2 - 10.1016/j.energy.2015.11.050
DO - 10.1016/j.energy.2015.11.050
M3 - Journal article
SN - 0360-5442
VL - 94
SP - 705
EP - 714
JO - Energy
JF - Energy
ER -