Homology Modelling of the GABA Transporter and Analysis of Tiagabine Binding

S. Skovstrup, Olivier Taboureau, H. Bräuner-Osborne, FS Jørgensen

    Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

    Abstract

    A homology model of the human GABA transporter (GAT-1) based on the recently reported crystal structures of the bacterial leucine transporter from Aquifex aeolicus (LeuT) was developed. The stability of the resulting model embedded in a membrane environment was analyzed by extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Based on docking studies and subsequent MD simulations of three compounds, the endogenous ligand GABA and two potent inhibitors, (R)-nipecotic acid and the anti-epilepsy drug tiagabine, various binding modes were identified and are discussed. Whereas GABA and (R)-nipecotic acid, which are both substrates, are stabilised with residues located deep inside the occluded state binding pocket (including residues Tyr 60 and Ser 396), tiagabine, which contains a large aliphatic side chain, is stabilised in a binding mode that extends from the substrate binding pocket (i.e., stabilised by Phe 294) to the extracellular vestibule, where the side chain is stabilised by aliphatic residues. The tiagabine binding mode, reaching from the substrate binding site to the extracellular vestibule, forces the side chain of Phe 294 to adopt a distinct conformation from that found in the occluded conformation of the transporter. Hence, in presence of tiagabine, GAT-1 is constrained in an open-to-out conformation. Our results may be of particular interest for the design of new GAT-1 inhibitors.
    Original languageEnglish
    JournalChemMedChem
    Volume5
    Issue number7
    Pages (from-to)986-1000
    ISSN1860-7179
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2010

    Keywords

    • homology modeling
    • GABA transporter
    • binding modes
    • tiagabine
    • molecular dynamics

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