Gas-phase CO2 electrolysis using carbon-derived bismuth nanospheres on porous nickel foam gas diffusion electrode

Debabrata Chanda*, Sooin Lee, Ramato Ashu Tufa, Yu Jin Kim, Ruimin Xing, Mikiyas Mekete Meshesha, Taye B. Demissie, Shanhu Liu, Deepak Pant, Sergio Santoro, Kyeounghak Kim*, Bee Lyong Yang*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

Abstract

The successful electrochemical reduction of CO2 (eCO2R) into valuable fuels and chemicals relies on the development of low-cost, effective carbon-bonded metal catalysts. Carbon-bonded metal catalysts are crucial for efficient eCO2R due to their dual functionality—high electrical conductivity from carbon and catalytic activity from the metal. In this study, a facile hydrothermal method was used to synthesize carbon-derived bismuth oxide nanospheres (C-BiOx) on porous nickel foam (NF) electrodes as electrocatalysts for eCO2R. The eCO2R activity of this catalyst was evaluated in H-type cells and compared with commercially available Pd/C and Ag-nanoparticle catalysts. Our finding revealed that C-BiOx/NF exhibited a higher eCO2R activity (corresponding to the CO Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 16.2 % at −1 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and HCOOH FE of 85.4 % at −0.7 V vs. RHE) than those of the Ag nanoparticle-based and Pd/C catalysts. Mechanistic insights from DFT-based studies further supported the enhanced catalytic activity of C-BiOx for HCOOH production over Ag catalysts. The fabricated catalyst was further utilized in a zero-gap CO2 electrolyzer for gas-phase CO2 reduction containing a self-supporting C-BiOx/NF gas diffusion layer (GDL). An anion exchange membrane-based CO2 electrolyzer demonstrated a higher FE for CO formation (47.1%) with an energy efficiency (EE) of 29.5% as compared to those of a polymer electrolyte membrane-based CO2 electrolyzer (FE: 25.2%, EE: 18.4%). Notably, the C-BiOx/NF catalyst exhibited remarkable stability (8 h) in the gas-phase GDL compared to that observed during the liquid-phase eCO2R. Our work provides new insights into utilizing improved catalyst designs in conjunction with flow cells for successful commercial implementation of this promising technology.
Original languageEnglish
Article number1020-1031
JournalInternational Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Volume56
Number of pages12
ISSN0360-3199
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2024

Keywords

  • Electrocatalyst
  • Oxygen vacancy
  • CO2 reduction
  • Electrolytic flow cell
  • Gas diffusion electrode

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