Flow Simulations Across Scales: From Atoms to Vortices

Most phenomena in fluid dynamics are most naturally described by considering the fluid as a collection of particles: Lagrangian elements that carry the properties of the flow and whose motion describes the evolution of the system. The discrete representations range from atomistic models of nano scale systems, to granular and dispersed flow, to continuum models including vortex particle methods and smooth particle hydrodynamics. These methods serve as accurate and efficient tools for fundamental studies in fluid dynamics.For general engineering problems with flows in complex geometries and subject to a multitude of physical processes Eulerian methods prevail. Examples from flow simulations across scales include carbon nanotube membranes bluff body aerodynamics, gravity waves, and combustion.