First experimental results on CMOS Integrated Nickel Electroplated Resonators

This paper presents experimental results on MEMS metallic add-on post-fabrication effects on complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistors. Two versions of add-on processing, that use either e-beam evaporation or magnetron sputtering, are compared through investigation of the electrical parameters of n-channel and p-channel transistors. The magnetron sputtering technique is shown to be compatible with standard CMOS electronics without any restriction of the metal types and annealing requirements.