Experimental Investigation of Size Effect in Shear Critical Reinforced Concrete Pile Caps

Jesper Harrild Sørensen; Linh Cao Hoang; Uffe Graaskov Ravn

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_56

Experimental Investigation of Size Effect in Shear Critical Reinforced Concrete Pile Caps

Jesper Harrild Sørensen^*, Linh Cao Hoang, Uffe Graaskov Ravn

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

COWI A/S

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

Abstract

This paper presents experimental results of a test campaign that examined the strength of shear critical RC pile caps in the ultimate limit state. The campaign comprised test specimens of different sizes - all scaled with identical geometrical ratios. The specimens simulated quadratic four-pile Pile Caps with concentric loading. This unique scaling allowed for an investigation of the effect of increased dimensions on the capacity of the solid RC structure in the ultimate limit state. The specimens scaled from overall dimensions of 450 × 450 × 230 mm³ (L × L × h) to 1188 × 1188 × 575 mm³ and the load carrying capacity increased from around 0.6 MN to 3.8 MN. Nevertheless, the average ultimate shear stress decreased with increasing depth. A novel two-camera setup for independent 2D Digital Image Correlation on two sides of the specimens was established to relate the crack development with characteristic points on the load-displacement relationship. This led to the identification of the first bending cracks and eventually development of shear cracks that contributed to the failure mode in the ultimate limit state. All specimens failed in a shear/punching-shear like manner, with several of the specimens failed in a mechanism involving shearing of one corner of the square pile cap.

Based on the experimental findings, the paper investigates applicability of a rigid plastic upper bound solution - including the empirical account for size effect - to predict the strength and compare to the experimentally observed collapse mechanisms

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient : Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2023
Editors	Alper Ilki, Derya Çavunt, Yavuz Selim Çavunt
Volume	1
Place of Publication	Cham
Publisher	Springer
Publication date	2023
Pages	531–541
ISBN (Print)	978-3-031-32510-6
ISBN (Electronic)	978-3-031-32511-3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_56
Publication status	Published - 2023
Event	fib Symposium 2023: Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient - Istanbul, Turkey Duration: 5 Jun 2023 → 7 Jun 2023

Conference

Conference	fib Symposium 2023
Country/Territory	Turkey
City	Istanbul
Period	05/06/2023 → 07/06/2023

Series	Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Volume	350
ISSN	2366-2557

Keywords

Solid Reinforced Concrete Structures
Pile Caps
Size Effect
Concrete Plasticity
Upper Bound Solutions

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10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_56

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Sørensen, J. H., Hoang, L. C., & Ravn, U. G. (2023). Experimental Investigation of Size Effect in Shear Critical Reinforced Concrete Pile Caps. In A. Ilki, D. Çavunt, & Y. Selim Çavunt (Eds.), Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient : Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2023 (Vol. 1, pp. 531–541). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_56

Sørensen, Jesper Harrild ; Hoang, Linh Cao ; Ravn, Uffe Graaskov. / Experimental Investigation of Size Effect in Shear Critical Reinforced Concrete Pile Caps. Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient : Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2023. editor / Alper Ilki ; Derya Çavunt ; Yavuz Selim Çavunt. Vol. 1 Cham : Springer, 2023. pp. 531–541 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Vol. 350).

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abstract = "This paper presents experimental results of a test campaign that examined the strength of shear critical RC pile caps in the ultimate limit state. The campaign comprised test specimens of different sizes - all scaled with identical geometrical ratios. The specimens simulated quadratic four-pile Pile Caps with concentric loading. This unique scaling allowed for an investigation of the effect of increased dimensions on the capacity of the solid RC structure in the ultimate limit state. The specimens scaled from overall dimensions of 450 × 450 × 230 mm3 (L × L × h) to 1188 × 1188 × 575 mm3 and the load carrying capacity increased from around 0.6 MN to 3.8 MN. Nevertheless, the average ultimate shear stress decreased with increasing depth. A novel two-camera setup for independent 2D Digital Image Correlation on two sides of the specimens was established to relate the crack development with characteristic points on the load-displacement relationship. This led to the identification of the first bending cracks and eventually development of shear cracks that contributed to the failure mode in the ultimate limit state. All specimens failed in a shear/punching-shear like manner, with several of the specimens failed in a mechanism involving shearing of one corner of the square pile cap.Based on the experimental findings, the paper investigates applicability of a rigid plastic upper bound solution - including the empirical account for size effect - to predict the strength and compare to the experimentally observed collapse mechanisms",

keywords = "Solid Reinforced Concrete Structures, Pile Caps, Size Effect, Concrete Plasticity, Upper Bound Solutions",

author = "S{\o}rensen, {Jesper Harrild} and Hoang, {Linh Cao} and Ravn, {Uffe Graaskov}",

year = "2023",

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booktitle = "Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient",

note = "<i>fib </i>Symposium 2023 : Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient ; Conference date: 05-06-2023 Through 07-06-2023",

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Sørensen, JH , Hoang, LC & Ravn, UG 2023, Experimental Investigation of Size Effect in Shear Critical Reinforced Concrete Pile Caps. in A Ilki, D Çavunt & Y Selim Çavunt (eds), Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient : Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2023. vol. 1, Springer, Cham, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 350, pp. 531–541, fib Symposium 2023, Istanbul, Turkey, 05/06/2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_56

Experimental Investigation of Size Effect in Shear Critical Reinforced Concrete Pile Caps. / Sørensen, Jesper Harrild ; Hoang, Linh Cao; Ravn, Uffe Graaskov.
Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient : Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2023. ed. / Alper Ilki; Derya Çavunt; Yavuz Selim Çavunt. Vol. 1 Cham: Springer, 2023. p. 531–541 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Vol. 350).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Experimental Investigation of Size Effect in Shear Critical Reinforced Concrete Pile Caps

AU - Sørensen, Jesper Harrild

AU - Hoang, Linh Cao

AU - Ravn, Uffe Graaskov

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N2 - This paper presents experimental results of a test campaign that examined the strength of shear critical RC pile caps in the ultimate limit state. The campaign comprised test specimens of different sizes - all scaled with identical geometrical ratios. The specimens simulated quadratic four-pile Pile Caps with concentric loading. This unique scaling allowed for an investigation of the effect of increased dimensions on the capacity of the solid RC structure in the ultimate limit state. The specimens scaled from overall dimensions of 450 × 450 × 230 mm3 (L × L × h) to 1188 × 1188 × 575 mm3 and the load carrying capacity increased from around 0.6 MN to 3.8 MN. Nevertheless, the average ultimate shear stress decreased with increasing depth. A novel two-camera setup for independent 2D Digital Image Correlation on two sides of the specimens was established to relate the crack development with characteristic points on the load-displacement relationship. This led to the identification of the first bending cracks and eventually development of shear cracks that contributed to the failure mode in the ultimate limit state. All specimens failed in a shear/punching-shear like manner, with several of the specimens failed in a mechanism involving shearing of one corner of the square pile cap.Based on the experimental findings, the paper investigates applicability of a rigid plastic upper bound solution - including the empirical account for size effect - to predict the strength and compare to the experimentally observed collapse mechanisms

AB - This paper presents experimental results of a test campaign that examined the strength of shear critical RC pile caps in the ultimate limit state. The campaign comprised test specimens of different sizes - all scaled with identical geometrical ratios. The specimens simulated quadratic four-pile Pile Caps with concentric loading. This unique scaling allowed for an investigation of the effect of increased dimensions on the capacity of the solid RC structure in the ultimate limit state. The specimens scaled from overall dimensions of 450 × 450 × 230 mm3 (L × L × h) to 1188 × 1188 × 575 mm3 and the load carrying capacity increased from around 0.6 MN to 3.8 MN. Nevertheless, the average ultimate shear stress decreased with increasing depth. A novel two-camera setup for independent 2D Digital Image Correlation on two sides of the specimens was established to relate the crack development with characteristic points on the load-displacement relationship. This led to the identification of the first bending cracks and eventually development of shear cracks that contributed to the failure mode in the ultimate limit state. All specimens failed in a shear/punching-shear like manner, with several of the specimens failed in a mechanism involving shearing of one corner of the square pile cap.Based on the experimental findings, the paper investigates applicability of a rigid plastic upper bound solution - including the empirical account for size effect - to predict the strength and compare to the experimentally observed collapse mechanisms

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KW - Concrete Plasticity

KW - Upper Bound Solutions

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DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_56

M3 - Article in proceedings

SN - 978-3-031-32510-6

VL - 1

T3 - Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

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A2 - Ilki, Alper

A2 - Çavunt, Derya

A2 - Selim Çavunt, Yavuz

PB - Springer

CY - Cham

T2 - <i>fib </i>Symposium 2023

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ER -

Sørensen JH , Hoang LC, Ravn UG. Experimental Investigation of Size Effect in Shear Critical Reinforced Concrete Pile Caps. In Ilki A, Çavunt D, Selim Çavunt Y, editors, Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient : Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2023. Vol. 1. Cham: Springer. 2023. p. 531–541. (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Vol. 350). doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_56

Experimental Investigation of Size Effect in Shear Critical Reinforced Concrete Pile Caps

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