TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of different oxygen carriers for biomass tar reforming
T2 - 2: Carbon deposition in experiments with methane and other gases
AU - Mendiara, Teresa
AU - Johansen, Joakim Myung
AU - Utrilla, Rubén
AU - Jensen, Anker Degn
AU - Glarborg, Peter
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - This work is a continuation of a previous paper by the authors [1] which analyzed the suitability of the Chemical Looping technology in biomass tar reforming. Four different oxygen carriers were tested with toluene as tar model compound: 60% NiO/MgAl2O4 (Ni60), 40% NiO/NiAl2O4 (Ni40), 40% Mn3O4/Mg–ZrO2 (Mn40) and FeTiO3 (Fe) and their tendency to carbon deposition was analyzed in the temperature range 873–1073K. In the present paper, the reactivity of these carriers to other compounds in the gasification gas is studied, also with special emphasis on the tendency to carbon deposition. Experiments were carried out in a TGA apparatus and a fixed bed reactor. Ni-based carriers showed a tendency to form carbon in the reaction with CH4, especially Ni60. The addition of water in H2O/CH4 molar ratios of 0.4–2.3 could decrease the carbon deposited, but not in the case of Ni60. Mn-based sample reacted with CH4 almost completely and with low tendency to carbon deposition, while the Fe-based sample showed low reactivity. Ni40 showed more reactivity to CO than Mn40, although in both cases carbon was deposited, especially at 873K. When H2 was present, it reacted rapidly with both carriers, decreasing the amount of carbon deposited. The presence of CO2 could also decrease the carbon deposited on Ni40 at 1073K. According to both these and the previous results [1], it can be concluded that Mn40 is the most adequate for minimization of carbon deposition in Chemical Looping Reforming (CLR).
AB - This work is a continuation of a previous paper by the authors [1] which analyzed the suitability of the Chemical Looping technology in biomass tar reforming. Four different oxygen carriers were tested with toluene as tar model compound: 60% NiO/MgAl2O4 (Ni60), 40% NiO/NiAl2O4 (Ni40), 40% Mn3O4/Mg–ZrO2 (Mn40) and FeTiO3 (Fe) and their tendency to carbon deposition was analyzed in the temperature range 873–1073K. In the present paper, the reactivity of these carriers to other compounds in the gasification gas is studied, also with special emphasis on the tendency to carbon deposition. Experiments were carried out in a TGA apparatus and a fixed bed reactor. Ni-based carriers showed a tendency to form carbon in the reaction with CH4, especially Ni60. The addition of water in H2O/CH4 molar ratios of 0.4–2.3 could decrease the carbon deposited, but not in the case of Ni60. Mn-based sample reacted with CH4 almost completely and with low tendency to carbon deposition, while the Fe-based sample showed low reactivity. Ni40 showed more reactivity to CO than Mn40, although in both cases carbon was deposited, especially at 873K. When H2 was present, it reacted rapidly with both carriers, decreasing the amount of carbon deposited. The presence of CO2 could also decrease the carbon deposited on Ni40 at 1073K. According to both these and the previous results [1], it can be concluded that Mn40 is the most adequate for minimization of carbon deposition in Chemical Looping Reforming (CLR).
KW - Methane
KW - Toluene
KW - Tar
KW - Biomass gasification
KW - Chemical looping reforming
U2 - 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.12.034
DO - 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.12.034
M3 - Journal article
SN - 0016-2361
VL - 90
SP - 1370
EP - 1382
JO - Fuel
JF - Fuel
IS - 4
ER -