Evaluating Emerging Technologies in Energy Storage Solutions for Solar Photovoltaic Efficiency: An Analytical Overview

This paper presents a comprehensive review and detailed investigation of emerging technologies in energy storage solutions for photovoltaic (PV) systems. The technologies include solid-state batteries (SSBs), flow batteries, and other novel storage solutions, such as lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, and supercapacitors that hold the potential to revolutionize energy storage in PV applications. A brief summary of the operational principles, advantages, and limitations as well as a thorough review of the studies on the integration of these technologies with PV systems in literature is presented. The analysis reveals a wide range of specifications such as the capacity to improve energy density, cycle life, safety, charging time, environmental impact, etc. compared to traditional lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. It also includes the existing shortcomings in emerging technologies such as low affordability, high complexity, and manufacturing challenges.