Abstract
Enantiomers possess different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and this may not only influence the therapeutic effect of a drug but also its toxicological effects. In the present work we investigated the potential. enantioselective endocrine disrupting effects of omeprazole (OME) and its two enantiomers on the human steroidogenesis using the H295R cell line. Differences in production of 16 steroid hormones were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Additionally, to evaluate the differences in binding modes of these enantiomers, docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of S-omeprazole (S-OME) and R-omeprazole (R-OME) in CYP17A1, CYP19A1 and CYP21A2 were carried out. Exposing H295R cells to OME and its enantiomers resulted in an increase of progesterone (PRO) and 17 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone (OH-PRO) levels. At the same time, a decrease in the corticosteroid and androgen synthesis was observed, indicating inhibition of CYP21A2 and CYP17A1. In both cases, the effect of R-OME was smaller compared to that of the S-OME and a certain degree of enantioselectivity of CYP17A1 and CYP21A2 was suggested. Docking indicated that the N-containing rings of OME possibly could interact with the iron atom of the heme for S-OME in CYP17A1 and S- and R-OME in CYP21A2. However, density functional theory calculations suggest that the direct N-Fe interaction is weak. The study demonstrates enantioselective differences in the endocrine disrupting potential of chiral drugs such as omeprazole. These findings may have potential implications for drug safety and drug design. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Toxicology in Vitro |
Volume | 34 |
Pages (from-to) | 71-80 |
Number of pages | 10 |
ISSN | 0887-2333 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2016 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Journal Article
- CYP17A1
- CYP19A1
- CYP21A2
- In vitro
- docking
- enantiomers
- endocrine disrupting drug
- molecular dynamics
- steroidogenesis
- Toxicology
- Docking
- Enantiomers
- Endocrine disrupting drug
- Molecular dynamics
- Steroidogenesis
- 17 hydroxypregnenolone
- 3(or 17)beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
- aldosterone
- androgen
- androstenediol
- androstenedione
- corticosteroid
- cortisone
- cortodoxone
- cytochrome P450
- deoxycorticosterone
- endocrine disruptor
- estradiol
- estrone
- heme
- hydrocortisone
- hydroxyprogesterone
- iron
- omeprazole
- prasterone
- pregnenolone
- progesterone
- steroid 17alpha monooxygenase
- steroid 19alpha monooxygenase 1
- steroid 21 monooxygenase
- testosterone
- testosterone 17beta dehydrogenase
- unclassified drug
- androgen synthesis
- Article
- binding kinetics
- cell assay
- cell line
- cell viability
- chirality
- computer model
- concentration (parameters)
- controlled study
- corticosteroid release
- cytotoxicity
- density functional theory
- enantiomer
- enantioselectivity
- enzyme activity
- enzyme inhibition
- gene expression
- H295R cell assay
- human
- human cell
- in vitro study
- limit of detection
- liquid chromatography
- mass spectrometry
- molecular docking
- molecular interaction
- molecular model
- TOXICOLOGY
- CYTOCHROMES P450
- IN-VITRO
- INHIBITION
- ESOMEPRAZOLE
- DENSITY
- INVITRO
- STEROIDOGENESIS
- LANSOPRAZOLE
- METABOLISM
- PREDICTION
- Cytology - Human
- Mathematical biology and statistical methods
- Biochemistry studies - General
- Biochemistry studies - Sterols and steroids
- Biophysics - Biocybernetics
- Pathology - Therapy
- Pharmacology - General
- Pharmacology - Clinical pharmacology
- Toxicology - General and methods
- 17-alpha-hydroxy-progesterone
- S-omeprazole
- Animals, Chordates, Humans, Mammals, Primates, Vertebrates