Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies: Paper

Wendelstein 7-X Team; R C Wolf; S Bozhenkov; A Dinklage; G Fuchert; Y O Kazakov; H P Laqua; S Marsen; N B Marushchenko; T Stange; M Zanini; I Abramovic; A Alonso; J Baldzuhn; M Beurskens; C D Beidler; H Braune; K J Brunner; N Chaudhary; H Damm; P Drewelow; G Gantenbein; Yu Gao; J Geiger; M Hirsch; U Höfel; M Jakubowski; J Jelonnek; T Jensen; W Kasparek; J Knauer; Søren Bang Korsholm; A Langenberg; C Lechte; F. Leipold; H Trimino Mora; U Neuner; S. K. Nielsen; D Moseev; H Oosterbeek; N Pablant; E Pasch; B Plaum; T Sunn Pedersen; A Puig Sitjes; K Rahbarnia; J. Rasmussen; M. Salewski; J Schilling; E Scott; M.  Stejner; H Thomsen; M Thumm; Y Turkin; F Wilde

doi:10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies: Paper

Wendelstein 7-X Team
, R C Wolf^*
, S Bozhenkov
, A Dinklage
, G Fuchert
, Y O Kazakov
, H P Laqua
, S Marsen
, N B Marushchenko
, T Stange
, M Zanini
, I Abramovic
, A Alonso
, J Baldzuhn
, M Beurskens
, C D Beidler
, H Braune
, K J Brunner
, N Chaudhary
, H Damm

P Drewelow, G Gantenbein, Yu Gao, J Geiger, M Hirsch, U Höfel, M Jakubowski, J Jelonnek, T Jensen, W Kasparek, J Knauer, Søren Bang Korsholm, A Langenberg, C Lechte, F. Leipold, H Trimino Mora, U Neuner, S. K. Nielsen, D Moseev, H Oosterbeek, N Pablant, E Pasch, B Plaum, T Sunn Pedersen, A Puig Sitjes, K Rahbarnia, J. Rasmussen, M. Salewski, J Schilling, E Scott, M. Stejner, H Thomsen, M Thumm, Y Turkin, F Wilde

^*Corresponding author for this work

Technical University of Denmark

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

For stellarators, which need no or only small amounts of current drive, electron-cyclotron-resonance heating (ECRH) is a promising heating method even for the envisaged application in a fusion power plant. Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is equipped with a steady-state capable ECRH system, operating at 140 GHz, which corresponds to the 2nd cyclotron harmonic of the electrons at a magnetic field of 2.5 T. Ten gyrotrons are operational and already delivered 7 MW to W7-X plasmas. Combined with pellet injection, the highest triple product (0.68 × 10²⁰ keV m⁻³ s), observed up to now in stellarators, was achieved (Sunn Pedersen et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 014035). For the first time, W7-X plasmas were sustained by 2nd harmonic O-mode heating, approaching the collisionality regime for which W7-X was optimized. Power deposition scans did not show any indication of electron temperature profile resilience. In low-density, low-power plasmas a compensation of the bootstrap current with electron-cyclotron current drive (ECCD) was demonstrated. Sufficiently strong ECCD close to the plasma centre produced periodic internal plasma-crash events, which coincide with the appearance of low order rationals of the rotational transform.

Original language	English
Article number	014037
Journal	Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
Volume	61
Issue number	1
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0741-3335
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2
Publication status	Published - 2019
Event	45th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics - Prague, Czech Republic Duration: 2 Jul 2018 → 6 Jul 2018 Conference number: 45

Conference

Conference	45th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics
Number	45
Country/Territory	Czech Republic
City	Prague
Period	02/07/2018 → 06/07/2018

Keywords

Stellerator
Wendelstein 7-X
Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating and current drive

Access to Document

10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

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Wendelstein 7-X Team, Wolf, R. C., Bozhenkov, S., Dinklage, A., Fuchert, G., Kazakov, Y. O., Laqua, H. P., Marsen, S., Marushchenko, N. B., Stange, T., Zanini, M., Abramovic, I., Alonso, A., Baldzuhn, J., Beurskens, M., Beidler, C. D., Braune, H., Brunner, K. J., Chaudhary, N., ... Wilde, F. (2019). Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies: Paper. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 61(1), Article 014037. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

@article{e4fcdd2306d045d08a8cf0931f408da6,

title = "Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies: Paper",

abstract = "For stellarators, which need no or only small amounts of current drive, electron-cyclotron-resonance heating (ECRH) is a promising heating method even for the envisaged application in a fusion power plant. Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is equipped with a steady-state capable ECRH system, operating at 140 GHz, which corresponds to the 2nd cyclotron harmonic of the electrons at a magnetic field of 2.5 T. Ten gyrotrons are operational and already delivered 7 MW to W7-X plasmas. Combined with pellet injection, the highest triple product (0.68 {\texttimes} 1020 keV m−3 s), observed up to now in stellarators, was achieved (Sunn Pedersen et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 014035). For the first time, W7-X plasmas were sustained by 2nd harmonic O-mode heating, approaching the collisionality regime for which W7-X was optimized. Power deposition scans did not show any indication of electron temperature profile resilience. In low-density, low-power plasmas a compensation of the bootstrap current with electron-cyclotron current drive (ECCD) was demonstrated. Sufficiently strong ECCD close to the plasma centre produced periodic internal plasma-crash events, which coincide with the appearance of low order rationals of the rotational transform.",

keywords = "Stellerator, Wendelstein 7-X, Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating and current drive",

author = "\{Wendelstein 7-X Team\} and Wolf, \{R C\} and S Bozhenkov and A Dinklage and G Fuchert and Kazakov, \{Y O\} and Laqua, \{H P\} and S Marsen and Marushchenko, \{N B\} and T Stange and M Zanini and I Abramovic and A Alonso and J Baldzuhn and M Beurskens and Beidler, \{C D\} and H Braune and Brunner, \{K J\} and N Chaudhary and H Damm and P Drewelow and G Gantenbein and Yu Gao and J Geiger and M Hirsch and U H{\"o}fel and M Jakubowski and J Jelonnek and T Jensen and W Kasparek and J Knauer and Korsholm, \{S{\o}ren Bang\} and A Langenberg and C Lechte and F. Leipold and Mora, \{H Trimino\} and U Neuner and Nielsen, \{S. K.\} and D Moseev and H Oosterbeek and N Pablant and E Pasch and B Plaum and Pedersen, \{T Sunn\} and Sitjes, \{A Puig\} and K Rahbarnia and J. Rasmussen and M. Salewski and J Schilling and E Scott and M. Stejner and H Thomsen and M Thumm and Y Turkin and F Wilde",

year = "2019",

doi = "10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2",

language = "English",

volume = "61",

journal = "Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion",

issn = "0741-3335",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

number = "1",

note = "45th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, EPS 2018 ; Conference date: 02-07-2018 Through 06-07-2018",

}

Wendelstein 7-X Team, Wolf, RC, Bozhenkov, S, Dinklage, A, Fuchert, G, Kazakov, YO, Laqua, HP, Marsen, S, Marushchenko, NB, Stange, T, Zanini, M, Abramovic, I, Alonso, A, Baldzuhn, J, Beurskens, M, Beidler, CD, Braune, H, Brunner, KJ, Chaudhary, N, Damm, H, Drewelow, P, Gantenbein, G, Gao, Y, Geiger, J, Hirsch, M, Höfel, U, Jakubowski, M, Jelonnek, J, Jensen, T, Kasparek, W, Knauer, J, Korsholm, SB, Langenberg, A, Lechte, C, Leipold, F, Mora, HT, Neuner, U, Nielsen, SK, Moseev, D, Oosterbeek, H, Pablant, N, Pasch, E, Plaum, B, Pedersen, TS, Sitjes, AP, Rahbarnia, K, Rasmussen, J , Salewski, M, Schilling, J, Scott, E, Stejner, M, Thomsen, H, Thumm, M, Turkin, Y & Wilde, F 2019, 'Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies: Paper', Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, vol. 61, no. 1, 014037. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

TY - JOUR

T1 - Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies

T2 - 45th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics

AU - Wendelstein 7-X Team

AU - Wolf, R C

AU - Bozhenkov, S

AU - Dinklage, A

AU - Fuchert, G

AU - Kazakov, Y O

AU - Laqua, H P

AU - Marsen, S

AU - Marushchenko, N B

AU - Stange, T

AU - Zanini, M

AU - Abramovic, I

AU - Alonso, A

AU - Baldzuhn, J

AU - Beurskens, M

AU - Beidler, C D

AU - Braune, H

AU - Brunner, K J

AU - Chaudhary, N

AU - Damm, H

AU - Drewelow, P

AU - Gantenbein, G

AU - Gao, Yu

AU - Geiger, J

AU - Hirsch, M

AU - Höfel, U

AU - Jakubowski, M

AU - Jelonnek, J

AU - Jensen, T

AU - Kasparek, W

AU - Knauer, J

AU - Korsholm, Søren Bang

AU - Langenberg, A

AU - Lechte, C

AU - Leipold, F.

AU - Mora, H Trimino

AU - Neuner, U

AU - Nielsen, S. K.

AU - Moseev, D

AU - Oosterbeek, H

AU - Pablant, N

AU - Pasch, E

AU - Plaum, B

AU - Pedersen, T Sunn

AU - Sitjes, A Puig

AU - Rahbarnia, K

AU - Rasmussen, J.

AU - Salewski, M.

AU - Schilling, J

AU - Scott, E

AU - Stejner, M.

AU - Thomsen, H

AU - Thumm, M

AU - Turkin, Y

AU - Wilde, F

N1 - Conference code: 45

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - For stellarators, which need no or only small amounts of current drive, electron-cyclotron-resonance heating (ECRH) is a promising heating method even for the envisaged application in a fusion power plant. Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is equipped with a steady-state capable ECRH system, operating at 140 GHz, which corresponds to the 2nd cyclotron harmonic of the electrons at a magnetic field of 2.5 T. Ten gyrotrons are operational and already delivered 7 MW to W7-X plasmas. Combined with pellet injection, the highest triple product (0.68 × 1020 keV m−3 s), observed up to now in stellarators, was achieved (Sunn Pedersen et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 014035). For the first time, W7-X plasmas were sustained by 2nd harmonic O-mode heating, approaching the collisionality regime for which W7-X was optimized. Power deposition scans did not show any indication of electron temperature profile resilience. In low-density, low-power plasmas a compensation of the bootstrap current with electron-cyclotron current drive (ECCD) was demonstrated. Sufficiently strong ECCD close to the plasma centre produced periodic internal plasma-crash events, which coincide with the appearance of low order rationals of the rotational transform.

AB - For stellarators, which need no or only small amounts of current drive, electron-cyclotron-resonance heating (ECRH) is a promising heating method even for the envisaged application in a fusion power plant. Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is equipped with a steady-state capable ECRH system, operating at 140 GHz, which corresponds to the 2nd cyclotron harmonic of the electrons at a magnetic field of 2.5 T. Ten gyrotrons are operational and already delivered 7 MW to W7-X plasmas. Combined with pellet injection, the highest triple product (0.68 × 1020 keV m−3 s), observed up to now in stellarators, was achieved (Sunn Pedersen et al 2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61 014035). For the first time, W7-X plasmas were sustained by 2nd harmonic O-mode heating, approaching the collisionality regime for which W7-X was optimized. Power deposition scans did not show any indication of electron temperature profile resilience. In low-density, low-power plasmas a compensation of the bootstrap current with electron-cyclotron current drive (ECCD) was demonstrated. Sufficiently strong ECCD close to the plasma centre produced periodic internal plasma-crash events, which coincide with the appearance of low order rationals of the rotational transform.

KW - Stellerator

KW - Wendelstein 7-X

KW - Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating and current drive

U2 - 10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

DO - 10.1088/1361-6587/aaeab2

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0741-3335

VL - 61

JO - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

JF - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

IS - 1

M1 - 014037

Y2 - 2 July 2018 through 6 July 2018

ER -

Electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in Wendelstein 7-X: A versatile heating and current-drive method and a tool for in-depth physics studies: Paper

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Keywords

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