Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry – Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials

M. Nakhaei; L. Hu; W. da Silva; B. Laurini; Y. Zong; C. Træholt

Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry – Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials

M. Nakhaei
, L. Hu
, W. da Silva
, B. Laurini
, Y. Zong^*
, C. Træholt

^*Corresponding author for this work

FLSmidth & Co. A/S

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

Clay is a naturally occurring material that is widely available around the globe and is a potential candidate to be used as a Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) in cement production. Properly activated clay can substitute 30-40% of clinker according to EU standards, and thereby directly reduce CO₂ emissions. Electrifying the clay calcination process using green electricity from renewables will further lower the CO₂ emissions up to a total of 50% reduction per ton of cement produced. Despite existing technical challenges, electrical activation of clays enables better control over the calcination temperature and thus improved material activation and product quality. FLSmidth and several industrial partners established a demonstration project on electric calcination of clay. A pilot plant will be built in Denmark within the next 2-3 years. The renewable energy prices have been declining considerably over the past decades and are expected to further decline over the next 5-10 years. Therefore, it is expected that commercialization of such a concept will become viable in a near future. In the current study, an outlook on electrification of clay calcination systems is presented, considering technical, economic, and environmental aspects.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry, 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023 - ICCC2023 (Bangkok 18.-22.09.2023)
Place of Publication	Bangkok, Thailand
Publisher	Thailand Concrete Association
Publication date	2023
Pages	113-116
Publication status	Published - 2023
Event	16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023: Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry - Centara Grand & Bangkok Convention Centre at Centralworld, Bangkok, Thailand Duration: 18 Sept 2023 → 22 Sept 2023 Conference number: 16 https://www.iccc2023.org/

Conference

Conference	16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023
Number	16
Location	Centara Grand & Bangkok Convention Centre at Centralworld
Country/Territory	Thailand
City	Bangkok
Period	18/09/2023 → 22/09/2023
Internet address	https://www.iccc2023.org/

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Calcined clay
Cement
CO2 emission
Electrification
Supplementary cementitious materials

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Nakhaei, M., Hu, L., da Silva, W., Laurini, B., Zong, Y., & Træholt, C. (2023). Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry – Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials. In Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry, 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023 - ICCC2023 (Bangkok 18.-22.09.2023) (pp. 113-116). Thailand Concrete Association.

Nakhaei, M. ; Hu, L. ; da Silva, W. et al. / Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry – Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials. Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry, 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023 - ICCC2023 (Bangkok 18.-22.09.2023). Bangkok, Thailand : Thailand Concrete Association, 2023. pp. 113-116

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title = "Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry {\textendash} Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials",

abstract = "Clay is a naturally occurring material that is widely available around the globe and is a potential candidate to be used as a Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) in cement production. Properly activated clay can substitute 30-40\% of clinker according to EU standards, and thereby directly reduce CO2 emissions. Electrifying the clay calcination process using green electricity from renewables will further lower the CO2 emissions up to a total of 50\% reduction per ton of cement produced. Despite existing technical challenges, electrical activation of clays enables better control over the calcination temperature and thus improved material activation and product quality. FLSmidth and several industrial partners established a demonstration project on electric calcination of clay. A pilot plant will be built in Denmark within the next 2-3 years. The renewable energy prices have been declining considerably over the past decades and are expected to further decline over the next 5-10 years. Therefore, it is expected that commercialization of such a concept will become viable in a near future. In the current study, an outlook on electrification of clay calcination systems is presented, considering technical, economic, and environmental aspects.",

keywords = "Calcined clay, Cement, CO2 emission, Electrification, Supplementary cementitious materials",

author = "M. Nakhaei and L. Hu and \{da Silva\}, W. and B. Laurini and Y. Zong and C. Tr{\ae}holt",

year = "2023",

language = "English",

pages = "113--116",

booktitle = "Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry, 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023 - ICCC2023 (Bangkok 18.-22.09.2023)",

publisher = "Thailand Concrete Association",

note = "16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023 : Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry, ICCC2023 ; Conference date: 18-09-2023 Through 22-09-2023",

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}

Nakhaei, M, Hu, L, da Silva, W, Laurini, B , Zong, Y & Træholt, C 2023, Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry – Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials. in Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry, 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023 - ICCC2023 (Bangkok 18.-22.09.2023). Thailand Concrete Association, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 113-116, 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023, Bangkok, Thailand, 18/09/2023.

Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry – Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials. / Nakhaei, M.; Hu, L.; da Silva, W. et al.
Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry, 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023 - ICCC2023 (Bangkok 18.-22.09.2023). Bangkok, Thailand: Thailand Concrete Association, 2023. p. 113-116.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry – Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials

AU - Nakhaei, M.

AU - Hu, L.

AU - da Silva, W.

AU - Laurini, B.

AU - Zong, Y.

AU - Træholt, C.

N1 - Conference code: 16

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Clay is a naturally occurring material that is widely available around the globe and is a potential candidate to be used as a Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) in cement production. Properly activated clay can substitute 30-40% of clinker according to EU standards, and thereby directly reduce CO2 emissions. Electrifying the clay calcination process using green electricity from renewables will further lower the CO2 emissions up to a total of 50% reduction per ton of cement produced. Despite existing technical challenges, electrical activation of clays enables better control over the calcination temperature and thus improved material activation and product quality. FLSmidth and several industrial partners established a demonstration project on electric calcination of clay. A pilot plant will be built in Denmark within the next 2-3 years. The renewable energy prices have been declining considerably over the past decades and are expected to further decline over the next 5-10 years. Therefore, it is expected that commercialization of such a concept will become viable in a near future. In the current study, an outlook on electrification of clay calcination systems is presented, considering technical, economic, and environmental aspects.

AB - Clay is a naturally occurring material that is widely available around the globe and is a potential candidate to be used as a Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) in cement production. Properly activated clay can substitute 30-40% of clinker according to EU standards, and thereby directly reduce CO2 emissions. Electrifying the clay calcination process using green electricity from renewables will further lower the CO2 emissions up to a total of 50% reduction per ton of cement produced. Despite existing technical challenges, electrical activation of clays enables better control over the calcination temperature and thus improved material activation and product quality. FLSmidth and several industrial partners established a demonstration project on electric calcination of clay. A pilot plant will be built in Denmark within the next 2-3 years. The renewable energy prices have been declining considerably over the past decades and are expected to further decline over the next 5-10 years. Therefore, it is expected that commercialization of such a concept will become viable in a near future. In the current study, an outlook on electrification of clay calcination systems is presented, considering technical, economic, and environmental aspects.

KW - Calcined clay

KW - Cement

KW - CO2 emission

KW - Electrification

KW - Supplementary cementitious materials

M3 - Article in proceedings

SP - 113

EP - 116

BT - Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry, 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023 - ICCC2023 (Bangkok 18.-22.09.2023)

PB - Thailand Concrete Association

CY - Bangkok, Thailand

T2 - 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023

Y2 - 18 September 2023 through 22 September 2023

ER -

Nakhaei M, Hu L, da Silva W, Laurini B , Zong Y , Træholt C. Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry – Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials. In Further Reduction of CO2 -Emissions and Circularity in the Cement and Concrete Industry, 16th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement 2023 - ICCC2023 (Bangkok 18.-22.09.2023). Bangkok, Thailand: Thailand Concrete Association. 2023. p. 113-116

Electrification of Calcined Clay Systems in the Cement Industry – Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials

Abstract

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UN SDGs

Keywords

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