Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core

Dorthe Dahl-Jensen; Nancy M. Albert; A. Aldahan; N. Azuma; David Morten Balslev-Clausen; M. Baumgartner; A.-M Berggren; Matthias Bigler; T. Binder; Thomas Blunier; J. C. Bourgeois; E. J. Brook; Susanne Lilja Buchardt; Christo Buizert; E. Capron; J. Chappellaz; J. Chung; H. B. Clausen; Ivana Cvijanovic; Sarah Davies; P. Ditlevsen; O. Eicher; H. Fischer; D. A. Fisher; L. G. Fleet; G. Gfeller; Vasileios Gkinis; S. Gogineni; K. Goto-Azuma; Aslak Grinsted; H. Gudlaugsdottir; Myriam Guillevic; S. B. Hansen; Mattias Hansson; M. Hirabayashi; S. Hong; S. D. Hur; P. Huybrechts; Christine Schøtt Hvidberg; Y. Iizuka; Theo Manuel Jenk; S. J. Johnsen; T. R. Jones; J. Jouzel; Nanna Bjørnholt Karlsson; K. Kawamura; K. Keegan; Ernesto Kettner; S. Kipfstuhl; H. A. Kjær; Michelle Rebecca Koutnik; T. Kuramoto; P. Köhler; T. Laepple; A. Landais; Peter Lang Langen; L. B. Larsen; D. Leuenberger; M. Leuenberger; C. Leuschen; J. Li; V. Lipenkov; P. Martinerie; O. J. Maselli; V. Masson-Delmotte; J. R. McConnell; H. Miller; Olivia Nora Mini; A. Miyamoto; M. Montagnat-Rentier; R. Mulvaney; R. Muscheler; A. J. Orsi; J. Paden; Christian Panton; F. Pattyn; J.-R Petit; K. Pol; Trevor James Popp; G. Possnert; F. Prié; M. Prokopiou; A. Quiquet; S. O. Rasmussen; D. Raynaud; J. Ren; Corentin Reutenauer; Christian Ritz; T. Röckmann; J. L. Rosen; Mauro Rubino; O. Rybak; D. Samyn; C. J. Sapart; A. Schilt; A. Z. Schmidt; J. Schwander; S. Schüpbach; Inger Kathrine Seierstad; J. P. Severinghaus; S. Sheldon; Sebastian Bjerregaard Simonsen; Jesper Sjolte; A. M. Solgaard; T. Sowers; Peter Sperlich; Hans Christian Steen-Larsen; K. Steffen; J. P. Steffensen; D. Steinhage; T. F. Stocker; Christopher Stowasser; A. S. Sturevik; W. T. Sturges; A. Sveinbjörnsdottir; A. Svensson; J.-L Tison; J. Uetake; Paul Travis Vallelonga; R. W. van de Wal; G. van der Wel; B. H. Vaughn; B. Vinther; E. Waddington; A. Wegner; I. Weikusat; J. C. White; F. Wilhelms; Mai Winstrup; E. Witrant; E. W. Wolff; C. Xiao; J. Zheng

doi:10.1038/nature11789

Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core

Dorthe Dahl-Jensen, Nancy M. Albert, A. Aldahan, N. Azuma, David Morten Balslev-Clausen, M. Baumgartner, A.-M Berggren, Matthias Bigler, T. Binder, Thomas Blunier, J. C. Bourgeois, E. J. Brook, Susanne Lilja Buchardt, Christo Buizert, E. Capron, J. Chappellaz, J. Chung, H. B. Clausen, Ivana Cvijanovic, Sarah DaviesP. Ditlevsen, O. Eicher, H. Fischer, D. A. Fisher, L. G. Fleet, G. Gfeller, Vasileios Gkinis, S. Gogineni, K. Goto-Azuma, Aslak Grinsted, H. Gudlaugsdottir, Myriam Guillevic, S. B. Hansen, Mattias Hansson, M. Hirabayashi, S. Hong, S. D. Hur, P. Huybrechts, Christine Schøtt Hvidberg, Y. Iizuka, Theo Manuel Jenk, S. J. Johnsen, T. R. Jones, J. Jouzel, Nanna Bjørnholt Karlsson, K. Kawamura, K. Keegan, Ernesto Kettner, S. Kipfstuhl, H. A. Kjær, Michelle Rebecca Koutnik, T. Kuramoto, P. Köhler, T. Laepple, A. Landais, Peter Lang Langen, L. B. Larsen, D. Leuenberger, M. Leuenberger, C. Leuschen, J. Li, V. Lipenkov, P. Martinerie, O. J. Maselli, V. Masson-Delmotte, J. R. McConnell, H. Miller, Olivia Nora Mini, A. Miyamoto, M. Montagnat-Rentier, R. Mulvaney, R. Muscheler, A. J. Orsi, J. Paden, Christian Panton, F. Pattyn, J.-R Petit, K. Pol, Trevor James Popp, G. Possnert, F. Prié, M. Prokopiou, A. Quiquet, S. O. Rasmussen, D. Raynaud, J. Ren, Corentin Reutenauer, Christian Ritz, T. Röckmann, J. L. Rosen, Mauro Rubino, O. Rybak, D. Samyn, C. J. Sapart, A. Schilt, A. Z. Schmidt, J. Schwander, S. Schüpbach, Inger Kathrine Seierstad, J. P. Severinghaus, S. Sheldon, Sebastian Bjerregaard Simonsen, Jesper Sjolte, A. M. Solgaard, T. Sowers, Peter Sperlich, Hans Christian Steen-Larsen, K. Steffen, J. P. Steffensen, D. Steinhage, T. F. Stocker, Christopher Stowasser, A. S. Sturevik, W. T. Sturges, A. Sveinbjörnsdottir, A. Svensson, J.-L Tison, J. Uetake, Paul Travis Vallelonga, R. W. van de Wal, G. van der Wel, B. H. Vaughn, B. Vinther, E. Waddington, A. Wegner, I. Weikusat, J. C. White, F. Wilhelms, Mai Winstrup, E. Witrant, E. W. Wolff, C. Xiao, J. Zheng

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Abstract

Efforts to extract a Greenland ice core with a complete record of the Eemian interglacial (130,000 to 115,000 years ago) have until now been unsuccessful. The response of the Greenland ice sheet to the warmer-than-present climate of the Eemian has thus remained unclear. Here we present the new North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (`NEEM') ice core and show only a modest ice-sheet response to the strong warming in the early Eemian. We reconstructed the Eemian record from folded ice using globally homogeneous parameters known from dated Greenland and Antarctic ice-core records. On the basis of water stable isotopes, NEEM surface temperatures after the onset of the Eemian (126,000 years ago) peaked at 8 ± 4 degrees Celsius above the mean of the past millennium, followed by a gradual cooling that was probably driven by the decreasing summer insolation. Between 128,000 and 122,000 years ago, the thickness of the northwest Greenland ice sheet decreased by 400 ± 250 metres, reaching surface elevations 122,000 years ago of 130 ± 300 metres lower than the present. Extensive surface melt occurred at the NEEM site during the Eemian, a phenomenon witnessed when melt layers formed again at NEEM during the exceptional heat of July 2012. With additional warming, surface melt might become more common in the future.

Original language	English
Journal	Nature
Volume	493
Issue number	7433
Pages (from-to)	489-494
ISSN	0028-0836
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11789
Publication status	Published - 2013
Externally published	Yes

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Dahl-Jensen, D., Albert, N. M., Aldahan, A., Azuma, N., Balslev-Clausen, D. M., Baumgartner, M., Berggren, A. -M., Bigler, M., Binder, T., Blunier, T., Bourgeois, J. C., Brook, E. J., Buchardt, S. L., Buizert, C., Capron, E., Chappellaz, J., Chung, J., Clausen, H. B., Cvijanovic, I., ... Zheng, J. (2013). Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core. Nature, 493(7433), 489-494. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11789

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title = "Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core",

abstract = "Efforts to extract a Greenland ice core with a complete record of the Eemian interglacial (130,000 to 115,000 years ago) have until now been unsuccessful. The response of the Greenland ice sheet to the warmer-than-present climate of the Eemian has thus remained unclear. Here we present the new North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (`NEEM') ice core and show only a modest ice-sheet response to the strong warming in the early Eemian. We reconstructed the Eemian record from folded ice using globally homogeneous parameters known from dated Greenland and Antarctic ice-core records. On the basis of water stable isotopes, NEEM surface temperatures after the onset of the Eemian (126,000 years ago) peaked at 8 ± 4 degrees Celsius above the mean of the past millennium, followed by a gradual cooling that was probably driven by the decreasing summer insolation. Between 128,000 and 122,000 years ago, the thickness of the northwest Greenland ice sheet decreased by 400 ± 250 metres, reaching surface elevations 122,000 years ago of 130 ± 300 metres lower than the present. Extensive surface melt occurred at the NEEM site during the Eemian, a phenomenon witnessed when melt layers formed again at NEEM during the exceptional heat of July 2012. With additional warming, surface melt might become more common in the future.",

author = "Dorthe Dahl-Jensen and Albert, {Nancy M.} and A. Aldahan and N. Azuma and Balslev-Clausen, {David Morten} and M. Baumgartner and A.-M Berggren and Matthias Bigler and T. Binder and Thomas Blunier and Bourgeois, {J. C.} and Brook, {E. J.} and Buchardt, {Susanne Lilja} and Christo Buizert and E. Capron and J. Chappellaz and J. Chung and Clausen, {H. B.} and Ivana Cvijanovic and Sarah Davies and P. Ditlevsen and O. Eicher and H. Fischer and Fisher, {D. A.} and Fleet, {L. G.} and G. Gfeller and Vasileios Gkinis and S. Gogineni and K. Goto-Azuma and Aslak Grinsted and H. Gudlaugsdottir and Myriam Guillevic and Hansen, {S. B.} and Mattias Hansson and M. Hirabayashi and S. Hong and Hur, {S. D.} and P. Huybrechts and Hvidberg, {Christine Sch{\o}tt} and Y. Iizuka and Jenk, {Theo Manuel} and Johnsen, {S. J.} and Jones, {T. R.} and J. Jouzel and Karlsson, {Nanna Bj{\o}rnholt} and K. Kawamura and K. Keegan and Ernesto Kettner and S. Kipfstuhl and Kj{\ae}r, {H. A.} and Koutnik, {Michelle Rebecca} and T. Kuramoto and P. K{\"o}hler and T. Laepple and A. Landais and Langen, {Peter Lang} and Larsen, {L. B.} and D. Leuenberger and M. Leuenberger and C. Leuschen and J. Li and V. Lipenkov and P. Martinerie and Maselli, {O. J.} and V. Masson-Delmotte and McConnell, {J. R.} and H. Miller and Mini, {Olivia Nora} and A. Miyamoto and M. Montagnat-Rentier and R. Mulvaney and R. Muscheler and Orsi, {A. J.} and J. Paden and Christian Panton and F. Pattyn and J.-R Petit and K. Pol and Popp, {Trevor James} and G. Possnert and F. Pri{\'e} and M. Prokopiou and A. Quiquet and Rasmussen, {S. O.} and D. Raynaud and J. Ren and Corentin Reutenauer and Christian Ritz and T. R{\"o}ckmann and Rosen, {J. L.} and Mauro Rubino and O. Rybak and D. Samyn and Sapart, {C. J.} and A. Schilt and Schmidt, {A. Z.} and J. Schwander and S. Sch{\"u}pbach and Seierstad, {Inger Kathrine} and Severinghaus, {J. P.} and S. Sheldon and Simonsen, {Sebastian Bjerregaard} and Jesper Sjolte and Solgaard, {A. M.} and T. Sowers and Peter Sperlich and Steen-Larsen, {Hans Christian} and K. Steffen and Steffensen, {J. P.} and D. Steinhage and Stocker, {T. F.} and Christopher Stowasser and Sturevik, {A. S.} and Sturges, {W. T.} and A. Sveinbj{\"o}rnsdottir and A. Svensson and J.-L Tison and J. Uetake and Vallelonga, {Paul Travis} and {van de Wal}, {R. W.} and {van der Wel}, G. and Vaughn, {B. H.} and B. Vinther and E. Waddington and A. Wegner and I. Weikusat and White, {J. C.} and F. Wilhelms and Mai Winstrup and E. Witrant and Wolff, {E. W.} and C. Xiao and J. Zheng",

year = "2013",

doi = "10.1038/nature11789",

language = "English",

volume = "493",

pages = "489--494",

journal = "Nature",

issn = "0028-0836",

publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",

number = "7433",

}

Dahl-Jensen, D, Albert, NM, Aldahan, A, Azuma, N, Balslev-Clausen, DM, Baumgartner, M, Berggren, A-M, Bigler, M, Binder, T, Blunier, T, Bourgeois, JC, Brook, EJ, Buchardt, SL, Buizert, C, Capron, E, Chappellaz, J, Chung, J, Clausen, HB, Cvijanovic, I, Davies, S, Ditlevsen, P, Eicher, O, Fischer, H, Fisher, DA, Fleet, LG, Gfeller, G, Gkinis, V, Gogineni, S, Goto-Azuma, K, Grinsted, A, Gudlaugsdottir, H, Guillevic, M, Hansen, SB, Hansson, M, Hirabayashi, M, Hong, S, Hur, SD, Huybrechts, P, Hvidberg, CS, Iizuka, Y, Jenk, TM, Johnsen, SJ, Jones, TR, Jouzel, J, Karlsson, NB, Kawamura, K, Keegan, K, Kettner, E, Kipfstuhl, S, Kjær, HA, Koutnik, MR, Kuramoto, T, Köhler, P, Laepple, T, Landais, A, Langen, PL, Larsen, LB, Leuenberger, D, Leuenberger, M, Leuschen, C, Li, J, Lipenkov, V, Martinerie, P, Maselli, OJ, Masson-Delmotte, V, McConnell, JR, Miller, H, Mini, ON, Miyamoto, A, Montagnat-Rentier, M, Mulvaney, R, Muscheler, R, Orsi, AJ, Paden, J, Panton, C, Pattyn, F, Petit, J-R, Pol, K, Popp, TJ, Possnert, G, Prié, F, Prokopiou, M, Quiquet, A, Rasmussen, SO, Raynaud, D, Ren, J, Reutenauer, C, Ritz, C, Röckmann, T, Rosen, JL, Rubino, M, Rybak, O, Samyn, D, Sapart, CJ, Schilt, A, Schmidt, AZ, Schwander, J, Schüpbach, S, Seierstad, IK, Severinghaus, JP, Sheldon, S, Simonsen, SB, Sjolte, J, Solgaard, AM, Sowers, T, Sperlich, P, Steen-Larsen, HC, Steffen, K, Steffensen, JP, Steinhage, D, Stocker, TF, Stowasser, C, Sturevik, AS, Sturges, WT, Sveinbjörnsdottir, A, Svensson, A, Tison, J-L, Uetake, J, Vallelonga, PT, van de Wal, RW, van der Wel, G, Vaughn, BH, Vinther, B, Waddington, E, Wegner, A, Weikusat, I, White, JC, Wilhelms, F, Winstrup, M, Witrant, E, Wolff, EW, Xiao, C & Zheng, J 2013, 'Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core', Nature, vol. 493, no. 7433, pp. 489-494. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11789

TY - JOUR

T1 - Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core

AU - Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe

AU - Albert, Nancy M.

AU - Aldahan, A.

AU - Azuma, N.

AU - Balslev-Clausen, David Morten

AU - Baumgartner, M.

AU - Berggren, A.-M

AU - Bigler, Matthias

AU - Binder, T.

AU - Blunier, Thomas

AU - Bourgeois, J. C.

AU - Brook, E. J.

AU - Buchardt, Susanne Lilja

AU - Buizert, Christo

AU - Capron, E.

AU - Chappellaz, J.

AU - Chung, J.

AU - Clausen, H. B.

AU - Cvijanovic, Ivana

AU - Davies, Sarah

AU - Ditlevsen, P.

AU - Eicher, O.

AU - Fischer, H.

AU - Fisher, D. A.

AU - Fleet, L. G.

AU - Gfeller, G.

AU - Gkinis, Vasileios

AU - Gogineni, S.

AU - Goto-Azuma, K.

AU - Grinsted, Aslak

AU - Gudlaugsdottir, H.

AU - Guillevic, Myriam

AU - Hansen, S. B.

AU - Hansson, Mattias

AU - Hirabayashi, M.

AU - Hong, S.

AU - Hur, S. D.

AU - Huybrechts, P.

AU - Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt

AU - Iizuka, Y.

AU - Jenk, Theo Manuel

AU - Johnsen, S. J.

AU - Jones, T. R.

AU - Jouzel, J.

AU - Karlsson, Nanna Bjørnholt

AU - Kawamura, K.

AU - Keegan, K.

AU - Kettner, Ernesto

AU - Kipfstuhl, S.

AU - Kjær, H. A.

AU - Koutnik, Michelle Rebecca

AU - Kuramoto, T.

AU - Köhler, P.

AU - Laepple, T.

AU - Landais, A.

AU - Langen, Peter Lang

AU - Larsen, L. B.

AU - Leuenberger, D.

AU - Leuenberger, M.

AU - Leuschen, C.

AU - Li, J.

AU - Lipenkov, V.

AU - Martinerie, P.

AU - Maselli, O. J.

AU - Masson-Delmotte, V.

AU - McConnell, J. R.

AU - Miller, H.

AU - Mini, Olivia Nora

AU - Miyamoto, A.

AU - Montagnat-Rentier, M.

AU - Mulvaney, R.

AU - Muscheler, R.

AU - Orsi, A. J.

AU - Paden, J.

AU - Panton, Christian

AU - Pattyn, F.

AU - Petit, J.-R

AU - Pol, K.

AU - Popp, Trevor James

AU - Possnert, G.

AU - Prié, F.

AU - Prokopiou, M.

AU - Quiquet, A.

AU - Rasmussen, S. O.

AU - Raynaud, D.

AU - Ren, J.

AU - Reutenauer, Corentin

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Röckmann, T.

AU - Rosen, J. L.

AU - Rubino, Mauro

AU - Rybak, O.

AU - Samyn, D.

AU - Sapart, C. J.

AU - Schilt, A.

AU - Schmidt, A. Z.

AU - Schwander, J.

AU - Schüpbach, S.

AU - Seierstad, Inger Kathrine

AU - Severinghaus, J. P.

AU - Sheldon, S.

AU - Simonsen, Sebastian Bjerregaard

AU - Sjolte, Jesper

AU - Solgaard, A. M.

AU - Sowers, T.

AU - Sperlich, Peter

AU - Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian

AU - Steffen, K.

AU - Steffensen, J. P.

AU - Steinhage, D.

AU - Stocker, T. F.

AU - Stowasser, Christopher

AU - Sturevik, A. S.

AU - Sturges, W. T.

AU - Sveinbjörnsdottir, A.

AU - Svensson, A.

AU - Tison, J.-L

AU - Uetake, J.

AU - Vallelonga, Paul Travis

AU - van de Wal, R. W.

AU - van der Wel, G.

AU - Vaughn, B. H.

AU - Vinther, B.

AU - Waddington, E.

AU - Wegner, A.

AU - Weikusat, I.

AU - White, J. C.

AU - Wilhelms, F.

AU - Winstrup, Mai

AU - Witrant, E.

AU - Wolff, E. W.

AU - Xiao, C.

AU - Zheng, J.

PY - 2013

Y1 - 2013

N2 - Efforts to extract a Greenland ice core with a complete record of the Eemian interglacial (130,000 to 115,000 years ago) have until now been unsuccessful. The response of the Greenland ice sheet to the warmer-than-present climate of the Eemian has thus remained unclear. Here we present the new North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (`NEEM') ice core and show only a modest ice-sheet response to the strong warming in the early Eemian. We reconstructed the Eemian record from folded ice using globally homogeneous parameters known from dated Greenland and Antarctic ice-core records. On the basis of water stable isotopes, NEEM surface temperatures after the onset of the Eemian (126,000 years ago) peaked at 8 ± 4 degrees Celsius above the mean of the past millennium, followed by a gradual cooling that was probably driven by the decreasing summer insolation. Between 128,000 and 122,000 years ago, the thickness of the northwest Greenland ice sheet decreased by 400 ± 250 metres, reaching surface elevations 122,000 years ago of 130 ± 300 metres lower than the present. Extensive surface melt occurred at the NEEM site during the Eemian, a phenomenon witnessed when melt layers formed again at NEEM during the exceptional heat of July 2012. With additional warming, surface melt might become more common in the future.

AB - Efforts to extract a Greenland ice core with a complete record of the Eemian interglacial (130,000 to 115,000 years ago) have until now been unsuccessful. The response of the Greenland ice sheet to the warmer-than-present climate of the Eemian has thus remained unclear. Here we present the new North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (`NEEM') ice core and show only a modest ice-sheet response to the strong warming in the early Eemian. We reconstructed the Eemian record from folded ice using globally homogeneous parameters known from dated Greenland and Antarctic ice-core records. On the basis of water stable isotopes, NEEM surface temperatures after the onset of the Eemian (126,000 years ago) peaked at 8 ± 4 degrees Celsius above the mean of the past millennium, followed by a gradual cooling that was probably driven by the decreasing summer insolation. Between 128,000 and 122,000 years ago, the thickness of the northwest Greenland ice sheet decreased by 400 ± 250 metres, reaching surface elevations 122,000 years ago of 130 ± 300 metres lower than the present. Extensive surface melt occurred at the NEEM site during the Eemian, a phenomenon witnessed when melt layers formed again at NEEM during the exceptional heat of July 2012. With additional warming, surface melt might become more common in the future.

U2 - 10.1038/nature11789

DO - 10.1038/nature11789

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 23344358

SN - 0028-0836

VL - 493

SP - 489

EP - 494

JO - Nature

JF - Nature

IS - 7433

ER -

Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core

Abstract

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