Dynamics of starch granule biogenesis - the role of redox-regulated enzymes and low-affinity carbohydrate-binding modules

A. Blennow, Birte Svensson

    Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

    Abstract

    The deposition and degradation of starch in plants is subject to extensive post-translational regulation. To permit degradation of B-type crystallites present in tuberous and leaf starch these starch types are phosphorylated by glucan, water dikinase (GWD). At the level of post-translational redox regulation, ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase, beta-amylase (BAM1), limit dextrinase (LD), the starch phosphorylator GWD and the glucan phosphatase dual-specificity phosphatase 4 (DSP4), also named starch excess 4 (SEX4), are reductively activated in vitro. Redox screens now suggest the presence of a substantially more extensive and coordinated redox regulation involving a larger number of enzymes. Noticeably several of these enzymes contain a new type of low-affinity carbohydrate-binding module that we term a low-affinity starch-binding domain or LA-SBD. These are present in the CBM20, CBM45 and CBM53 families and can enable diurnal dynamics of starch-enzyme recognition. Such diurnal changes in starch binding have been indicated for the redox-regulated GWD and SEX4.
    Original languageEnglish
    JournalBiocatalysis and Biotransformation
    Volume28
    Issue number1
    Pages (from-to)3-9
    ISSN1024-2422
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2010

    Keywords

    • enzyme affinity
    • redox regulation
    • starch-binding domain
    • starch phosphorylation
    • Starch metabolism

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