Discovery of the optical counterpart and early optical observations of GRB 990712

K.C. Sahu; P. Vreesvijk; G. Bakos; J.W. Wenzies; A. Bragaglia; F. Frontera; L. Piro; M.D. Albrow; I.A. Bond; R. Bower; J.A.R. Caldwell; A.J. Castro-Tirado; F. Courbin; M. Dominik; J.U. Fynbo; T. Galama; K. Glazebrook; J. Greenhill; J. Gorosabel; J. Hearnshaw,; K. Hill; J. Hjorth; S. Kane; P. Kilmartin; C. Kouveliotou; R. Martin; N. Masetti; P. Maxted; D. Minniti; P. Moller; Y. Muraki; T. Nakamura; S. Noda; K. Ohnishi; E. Palazzi; J. van Paradijs; E. Pian; K.R. Pollard; N.J. Rattenbury; M. Reid; E. Rol; T. Saito; P.D. Sackett; P. Salzar; C. Tinney; P. Vermaak; R. Watson; A. Williams; P. Yock; A. Dar

doi:10.1086/309340

Discovery of the optical counterpart and early optical observations of GRB 990712

K.C. Sahu, P. Vreesvijk, G. Bakos, J.W. Wenzies, A. Bragaglia, F. Frontera, L. Piro, M.D. Albrow, I.A. Bond, R. Bower, J.A.R. Caldwell, A.J. Castro-Tirado, F. Courbin, M. Dominik, J.U. Fynbo, T. Galama, K. Glazebrook, J. Greenhill, J. Gorosabel, J. Hearnshaw,K. Hill, J. Hjorth, S. Kane, P. Kilmartin, C. Kouveliotou, R. Martin, N. Masetti, P. Maxted, D. Minniti, P. Moller, Y. Muraki, T. Nakamura, S. Noda, K. Ohnishi, E. Palazzi, J. van Paradijs, E. Pian, K.R. Pollard, N.J. Rattenbury, M. Reid, E. Rol, T. Saito, P.D. Sackett, P. Salzar, C. Tinney, P. Vermaak, R. Watson, A. Williams, P. Yock, A. Dar

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Abstract

We present the discovery observations of the optical counterpart of the gamma-ray burst GRB 990712 taken 4.16 hr after the outburst and discuss its light curve observed in the V, R, and I bands during the first similar to 35 days after the outburst. The observed light curves were fitted with a power-law decay for the optical transient (OT), plus an additional component that was treated in two different ways. First, the additional component was assumed to be an underlying galaxy of constant brightness. The resulting slope of the decay is 0.97(-0.02)(+0.05), and the magnitudes of the underlying galaxy are V = 22.3 +/- 0.05, R = 21.75 +/- 0.05, and I = 21.35 +/- 0.05. Second, the additional component was assumed to be a galaxy plus an underlying supernova with a time-variable brightness identical to that of GRB 980425, appropriately scaled to the redshift of GRB 990712. The resulting slope of the decay is similar, but the goodness of fit is worse, which would imply that either this GRB is not associated with an underlying supernova or the underlying supernova is much fainter than the supernova associated with GRB 980425. The galaxy in this case is fainter: V = 22.7 +/- 0.05, R = 22.25 +/- 0.05, and I = 22.15 +/- 0.05, and the OT plus the underlying supernova at a given time is brighter. Measurements of the brightnesses of the OT and the galaxy by late-time Hubble Space Telescope observation and ground-based observations can thus assess the presence of an underlying supernova.

Original language	English
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	540
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	74-80
ISSN	0004-637X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1086/309340
Publication status	Published - 2000

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Sahu, K. C., Vreesvijk, P., Bakos, G., Wenzies, J. W., Bragaglia, A., Frontera, F., Piro, L., Albrow, M. D., Bond, I. A., Bower, R., Caldwell, J. A. R., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Courbin, F., Dominik, M., Fynbo, J. U., Galama, T., Glazebrook, K., Greenhill, J., Gorosabel, J., ... Dar, A. (2000). Discovery of the optical counterpart and early optical observations of GRB 990712. Astrophysical Journal, 540(1), 74-80. https://doi.org/10.1086/309340

@article{36f1fccc1f81420b873854c1d336ef68,

title = "Discovery of the optical counterpart and early optical observations of GRB 990712",

abstract = "We present the discovery observations of the optical counterpart of the gamma-ray burst GRB 990712 taken 4.16 hr after the outburst and discuss its light curve observed in the V, R, and I bands during the first similar to 35 days after the outburst. The observed light curves were fitted with a power-law decay for the optical transient (OT), plus an additional component that was treated in two different ways. First, the additional component was assumed to be an underlying galaxy of constant brightness. The resulting slope of the decay is 0.97(-0.02)(+0.05), and the magnitudes of the underlying galaxy are V = 22.3 +/- 0.05, R = 21.75 +/- 0.05, and I = 21.35 +/- 0.05. Second, the additional component was assumed to be a galaxy plus an underlying supernova with a time-variable brightness identical to that of GRB 980425, appropriately scaled to the redshift of GRB 990712. The resulting slope of the decay is similar, but the goodness of fit is worse, which would imply that either this GRB is not associated with an underlying supernova or the underlying supernova is much fainter than the supernova associated with GRB 980425. The galaxy in this case is fainter: V = 22.7 +/- 0.05, R = 22.25 +/- 0.05, and I = 22.15 +/- 0.05, and the OT plus the underlying supernova at a given time is brighter. Measurements of the brightnesses of the OT and the galaxy by late-time Hubble Space Telescope observation and ground-based observations can thus assess the presence of an underlying supernova. ",

author = "K.C. Sahu and P. Vreesvijk and G. Bakos and J.W. Wenzies and A. Bragaglia and F. Frontera and L. Piro and M.D. Albrow and I.A. Bond and R. Bower and J.A.R. Caldwell and A.J. Castro-Tirado and F. Courbin and M. Dominik and J.U. Fynbo and T. Galama and K. Glazebrook and J. Greenhill and J. Gorosabel and J. Hearnshaw, and K. Hill and J. Hjorth and S. Kane and P. Kilmartin and C. Kouveliotou and R. Martin and N. Masetti and P. Maxted and D. Minniti and P. Moller and Y. Muraki and T. Nakamura and S. Noda and K. Ohnishi and E. Palazzi and {van Paradijs}, J. and E. Pian and K.R. Pollard and N.J. Rattenbury and M. Reid and E. Rol and T. Saito and P.D. Sackett and P. Salzar and C. Tinney and P. Vermaak and R. Watson and A. Williams and P. Yock and A. Dar",

year = "2000",

doi = "10.1086/309340",

language = "English",

volume = "540",

pages = "74--80",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Sahu, KC, Vreesvijk, P, Bakos, G, Wenzies, JW, Bragaglia, A, Frontera, F, Piro, L, Albrow, MD, Bond, IA, Bower, R, Caldwell, JAR, Castro-Tirado, AJ, Courbin, F, Dominik, M, Fynbo, JU, Galama, T, Glazebrook, K, Greenhill, J, Gorosabel, J, Hearnshaw, J, Hill, K, Hjorth, J, Kane, S, Kilmartin, P, Kouveliotou, C, Martin, R, Masetti, N, Maxted, P, Minniti, D, Moller, P, Muraki, Y, Nakamura, T, Noda, S, Ohnishi, K, Palazzi, E, van Paradijs, J, Pian, E, Pollard, KR, Rattenbury, NJ, Reid, M, Rol, E, Saito, T, Sackett, PD, Salzar, P, Tinney, C, Vermaak, P, Watson, R, Williams, A, Yock, P & Dar, A 2000, 'Discovery of the optical counterpart and early optical observations of GRB 990712', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 540, no. 1, pp. 74-80. https://doi.org/10.1086/309340

TY - JOUR

T1 - Discovery of the optical counterpart and early optical observations of GRB 990712

AU - Sahu, K.C.

AU - Vreesvijk, P.

AU - Bakos, G.

AU - Wenzies, J.W.

AU - Bragaglia, A.

AU - Frontera, F.

AU - Piro, L.

AU - Albrow, M.D.

AU - Bond, I.A.

AU - Bower, R.

AU - Caldwell, J.A.R.

AU - Castro-Tirado, A.J.

AU - Courbin, F.

AU - Dominik, M.

AU - Fynbo, J.U.

AU - Galama, T.

AU - Glazebrook, K.

AU - Greenhill, J.

AU - Gorosabel, J.

AU - Hearnshaw,, J.

AU - Hill, K.

AU - Hjorth, J.

AU - Kane, S.

AU - Kilmartin, P.

AU - Kouveliotou, C.

AU - Martin, R.

AU - Masetti, N.

AU - Maxted, P.

AU - Minniti, D.

AU - Moller, P.

AU - Muraki, Y.

AU - Nakamura, T.

AU - Noda, S.

AU - Ohnishi, K.

AU - Palazzi, E.

AU - van Paradijs, J.

AU - Pian, E.

AU - Pollard, K.R.

AU - Rattenbury, N.J.

AU - Reid, M.

AU - Rol, E.

AU - Saito, T.

AU - Sackett, P.D.

AU - Salzar, P.

AU - Tinney, C.

AU - Vermaak, P.

AU - Watson, R.

AU - Williams, A.

AU - Yock, P.

AU - Dar, A.

PY - 2000

Y1 - 2000

N2 - We present the discovery observations of the optical counterpart of the gamma-ray burst GRB 990712 taken 4.16 hr after the outburst and discuss its light curve observed in the V, R, and I bands during the first similar to 35 days after the outburst. The observed light curves were fitted with a power-law decay for the optical transient (OT), plus an additional component that was treated in two different ways. First, the additional component was assumed to be an underlying galaxy of constant brightness. The resulting slope of the decay is 0.97(-0.02)(+0.05), and the magnitudes of the underlying galaxy are V = 22.3 +/- 0.05, R = 21.75 +/- 0.05, and I = 21.35 +/- 0.05. Second, the additional component was assumed to be a galaxy plus an underlying supernova with a time-variable brightness identical to that of GRB 980425, appropriately scaled to the redshift of GRB 990712. The resulting slope of the decay is similar, but the goodness of fit is worse, which would imply that either this GRB is not associated with an underlying supernova or the underlying supernova is much fainter than the supernova associated with GRB 980425. The galaxy in this case is fainter: V = 22.7 +/- 0.05, R = 22.25 +/- 0.05, and I = 22.15 +/- 0.05, and the OT plus the underlying supernova at a given time is brighter. Measurements of the brightnesses of the OT and the galaxy by late-time Hubble Space Telescope observation and ground-based observations can thus assess the presence of an underlying supernova.

AB - We present the discovery observations of the optical counterpart of the gamma-ray burst GRB 990712 taken 4.16 hr after the outburst and discuss its light curve observed in the V, R, and I bands during the first similar to 35 days after the outburst. The observed light curves were fitted with a power-law decay for the optical transient (OT), plus an additional component that was treated in two different ways. First, the additional component was assumed to be an underlying galaxy of constant brightness. The resulting slope of the decay is 0.97(-0.02)(+0.05), and the magnitudes of the underlying galaxy are V = 22.3 +/- 0.05, R = 21.75 +/- 0.05, and I = 21.35 +/- 0.05. Second, the additional component was assumed to be a galaxy plus an underlying supernova with a time-variable brightness identical to that of GRB 980425, appropriately scaled to the redshift of GRB 990712. The resulting slope of the decay is similar, but the goodness of fit is worse, which would imply that either this GRB is not associated with an underlying supernova or the underlying supernova is much fainter than the supernova associated with GRB 980425. The galaxy in this case is fainter: V = 22.7 +/- 0.05, R = 22.25 +/- 0.05, and I = 22.15 +/- 0.05, and the OT plus the underlying supernova at a given time is brighter. Measurements of the brightnesses of the OT and the galaxy by late-time Hubble Space Telescope observation and ground-based observations can thus assess the presence of an underlying supernova.

U2 - 10.1086/309340

DO - 10.1086/309340

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 540

SP - 74

EP - 80

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

ER -

Discovery of the optical counterpart and early optical observations of GRB 990712

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