Abstract
Direct recycling of lithium ion batteries from electric vehicles aims to close the loop of battery manufacturing. This study presents a novel process-based life cycle assessment model for studying the environmental impacts associated with the direct recycling for closed-loop production of lithium ion battery relative to the conventional open-loop battery manufacturing. A 66 kWh NMC-graphite battery pack is analyzed using directly recycled NMC and graphite for the closed-loop manufacturing. The results show that the closed-loop manufacturing via direct recycling can reduce environmental impacts by up to 54% over the conventional open-loop manufacturing of lithium ion battery for electric vehicles.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | C I R P Annals |
| Volume | 72 |
| Pages (from-to) | 13-16 |
| Number of pages | 4 |
| ISSN | 0007-8506 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2023 |
UN SDGs
This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy -
SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production
Keywords
- Life cycle
- Analysis
- Battery recycling
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