TY - JOUR
T1 - Diet-induced changes in iron and n-3 fatty acid status and associations with cognitive performance in 8-11-year-old Danish children: secondary analyses of the Optimal Well-Being, Development and Health for Danish Children through a Healthy New Nordic Diet School Meal Study
AU - Sørensen, Louise Bergmann
AU - Damsgaard, Camilla Trab
AU - Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde
AU - Petersen, Rikke Agnete
AU - Egelund, Niels
AU - Dyssegaard, Camilla Brørup
AU - Stark, Ken D
AU - Andersen, Rikke
AU - Tetens, Inge
AU - Astrup, Arne
AU - Michaelsen, Kim Fleisher
AU - Lauritzen, Lotte
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Fe and n-3 long-chain PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) have both been associated with cognition, but evidence remains inconclusive in well-nourished school-aged children. In the Optimal Well-Being, Development and Health for Danish Children through a Healthy New Nordic Diet (OPUS) School Meal Study, the 3-month intervention increased reading performance, inattention, impulsivity and dietary intake of fish and Fe. This study investigated whether the intervention influenced n-3 LCPUFA and Fe status and, if so, explored how these changes correlated with the changes in cognitive performance. The study was a cluster-randomised cross-over trial comparing school meals with packed lunch (control). At baseline and after each treatment, we measured serum ferritin, whole-blood n-3 LCPUFA and Hb, and performance in reading, mathematics and d2-test of attention. Data were analysed using mixed models (n 726) and principal component analysis of test performances (n 644), which showed two main patterns: 'school performance' and 'reading comprehension'. The latter indicated that children with good reading comprehension were also more inattentive and impulsive (i.e. higher d2-test error%). The intervention improved 'school performance' (P=0·015), 'reading comprehension' (P=0·043) and EPA+DHA status 0·21 (95 % CI 0·15, 0·27) w/w % (P
AB - Fe and n-3 long-chain PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) have both been associated with cognition, but evidence remains inconclusive in well-nourished school-aged children. In the Optimal Well-Being, Development and Health for Danish Children through a Healthy New Nordic Diet (OPUS) School Meal Study, the 3-month intervention increased reading performance, inattention, impulsivity and dietary intake of fish and Fe. This study investigated whether the intervention influenced n-3 LCPUFA and Fe status and, if so, explored how these changes correlated with the changes in cognitive performance. The study was a cluster-randomised cross-over trial comparing school meals with packed lunch (control). At baseline and after each treatment, we measured serum ferritin, whole-blood n-3 LCPUFA and Hb, and performance in reading, mathematics and d2-test of attention. Data were analysed using mixed models (n 726) and principal component analysis of test performances (n 644), which showed two main patterns: 'school performance' and 'reading comprehension'. The latter indicated that children with good reading comprehension were also more inattentive and impulsive (i.e. higher d2-test error%). The intervention improved 'school performance' (P=0·015), 'reading comprehension' (P=0·043) and EPA+DHA status 0·21 (95 % CI 0·15, 0·27) w/w % (P
KW - n-3 PUFA
KW - CP concentration performance
KW - CRP C-reactive protein
KW - Cognitive performance
KW - ID Fe deficiency
KW - IDA ID with anaemia
KW - Iron
KW - PCA principal component analysis
KW - RCT randomised controlled trial
KW - School meals
KW - School performance
KW - n-3 LCPUFA n-3 long-chain PUFA
U2 - 10.1017/s0007114515003323
DO - 10.1017/s0007114515003323
M3 - Journal article
SN - 0007-1145
VL - 114
SP - 1623
EP - 1637
JO - British Journal of Nutrition
JF - British Journal of Nutrition
IS - 10
ER -