TY - GEN
T1 - Development and manufacturing of SPO X-ray mirrors
AU - Landgraf, Boris
AU - Collon, Maximilien J.
AU - Vacanti, Giuseppe
AU - Barriére, Nicolas M.
AU - Günther, Ramses
AU - Vervest, Mark
AU - Voruz, Luc
AU - Verhoeckx, Sjoerd
AU - Babic, Ljubisa
AU - Keek, Laurens
AU - Girou, David
AU - Okma, Ben
AU - Beijersbergen, Marco W.
AU - Bavdaz, Marcos
AU - Wille, Eric
AU - Fransen, Sebastiaan
AU - Shortt, Brian
AU - Ferreira, Ivo
AU - Haneveld, Jeroen
AU - Koelewijn, Arenda
AU - Start, Ronald
AU - Wijnperlé, Maurice
AU - Lankwarden, Jan-Joost
AU - van Baren, Coen
AU - Hieltjes, Paul
AU - den Herder, Jan Willem
AU - Burwitz, Vadim
AU - Pareschi, Giovanni
AU - Massahi, Sonny
AU - Della Monica Ferreira, Desiree
AU - Christensen, Finn Erland
AU - Valsecchi, Giuseppe
AU - Oliver, Paul
AU - Chequer, Ian
AU - Ball, Kevin
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - The Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) technology has been established as a new type of X-ray optics enabling future X-ray observatories such as ATHENA. SPO is being developed at cosine together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic as well as industrial partners. The SPO modules are lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution X-ray optics, allowing missions to reach a large effective area of several square meters. These properties of the optics are mainly linked to the mirror plates consisting of mono-crystalline silicon. Silicon is rigid, has a relatively low density, a very good thermal conductivity and excellent surface finish, both in terms of figure and surface roughness. For Athena, a large number of mirror plates is required, around 100,000 for the nominal configuration. With the technology spin-in from the semiconductor industry, mass production processes can be employed to manufacture rectangular shapes SPO mirror plates in high quality, large quantity and at low cost. Within the last years, several aspects of the SPO mirror plate have been reviewed and undergone further developments in terms of effective area, intrinsic behavior of the mirror plates and mass production capability. In view of flight model production, a second source of mirror plates has been added in addition to the first plate supplier. The paper will provide an overview of most recent plate design, metrology and production developments.
AB - The Silicon Pore Optics (SPO) technology has been established as a new type of X-ray optics enabling future X-ray observatories such as ATHENA. SPO is being developed at cosine together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and academic as well as industrial partners. The SPO modules are lightweight, yet stiff, high-resolution X-ray optics, allowing missions to reach a large effective area of several square meters. These properties of the optics are mainly linked to the mirror plates consisting of mono-crystalline silicon. Silicon is rigid, has a relatively low density, a very good thermal conductivity and excellent surface finish, both in terms of figure and surface roughness. For Athena, a large number of mirror plates is required, around 100,000 for the nominal configuration. With the technology spin-in from the semiconductor industry, mass production processes can be employed to manufacture rectangular shapes SPO mirror plates in high quality, large quantity and at low cost. Within the last years, several aspects of the SPO mirror plate have been reviewed and undergone further developments in terms of effective area, intrinsic behavior of the mirror plates and mass production capability. In view of flight model production, a second source of mirror plates has been added in addition to the first plate supplier. The paper will provide an overview of most recent plate design, metrology and production developments.
KW - X-ray optics
KW - X-ray astronomy
KW - Silicon
KW - Wafer
KW - Stack
KW - Pore optics
KW - X-ray telescopes
KW - ATHENA
KW - ARCUS
KW - SPO
U2 - 10.1117/12.2530941
DO - 10.1117/12.2530941
M3 - Article in proceedings
VL - 11119
T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
BT - Optics for EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Astronomy IX
A2 - , Stephen L. O'Dell
A2 - , Giovanni Pareschi
PB - SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering
T2 - SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications 2019
Y2 - 11 August 2019 through 15 August 2019
ER -