Cyber-Attack Analysis and Investigation on PMSM Drive System in Battery Electrical Vehicles

Nikhil B. Sardar; Prashant Surana; Gaurav Choudhary; Amit Kumar; Gianluca Gatto

doi:10.1109/ECCE-Asia63110.2025.11112482

Cyber-Attack Analysis and Investigation on PMSM Drive System in Battery Electrical Vehicles

Nikhil B. Sardar
, Prashant Surana
, Gaurav Choudhary
, Amit Kumar
, Gianluca Gatto

Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science

Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
University of Cagliari

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

Abstract

This paper investigates and analyzes the vulnerability of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive systems in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to system frequency manipulation attacks (SFMA) on frequency signal and signal integrity attacks (SIA) on a gate signal. To achieve the intended output of PMSM in terms of speed and torque, the proportional-integration-derivative (PID) controller has been used to improve the speed output of the motor by eliminating the noise and disturbance in a closed loop. These feedback loops and drive systems, which include feedback signals and gate drive signals, are accountable for cyber-physical attack vulnerabilities that result in anomalous motor and vehicle behaviour. Based on the simulation outcomes of the two attacks, the uncertainty of PMSM speed is explored, as they constitute threats to the PMSM drive system.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Asia (ECCE-Asia)
Number of pages	5
Publisher	IEEE
Publication date	2025
ISBN (Print)	979-8-3315-1887-5
ISBN (Electronic)	979-8-3315-1886-8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia63110.2025.11112482
Publication status	Published - 2025
Event	2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Asia - Bengaluru, India Duration: 11 May 2025 → 14 May 2025

Conference

Conference	2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Asia
Country/Territory	India
City	Bengaluru
Period	11/05/2025 → 14/05/2025

Keywords

Battery Electrical Vehicles
Cyber-Attacks
PMSM
PID
ystem Frequency Manipulation Attacks
Signal Integrity Attacks

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10.1109/ECCE-Asia63110.2025.11112482

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@inproceedings{32ffb285313a46d9a9ed29b65365eeb9,

title = "Cyber-Attack Analysis and Investigation on PMSM Drive System in Battery Electrical Vehicles",

abstract = "This paper investigates and analyzes the vulnerability of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive systems in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to system frequency manipulation attacks (SFMA) on frequency signal and signal integrity attacks (SIA) on a gate signal. To achieve the intended output of PMSM in terms of speed and torque, the proportional-integration-derivative (PID) controller has been used to improve the speed output of the motor by eliminating the noise and disturbance in a closed loop. These feedback loops and drive systems, which include feedback signals and gate drive signals, are accountable for cyber-physical attack vulnerabilities that result in anomalous motor and vehicle behaviour. Based on the simulation outcomes of the two attacks, the uncertainty of PMSM speed is explored, as they constitute threats to the PMSM drive system.",

keywords = "Battery Electrical Vehicles, Cyber-Attacks, PMSM, PID, ystem Frequency Manipulation Attacks, Signal Integrity Attacks",

author = "Sardar, \{Nikhil B.\} and Prashant Surana and Gaurav Choudhary and Amit Kumar and Gianluca Gatto",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/ECCE-Asia63110.2025.11112482",

language = "English",

isbn = "979-8-3315-1887-5",

booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress \& Exposition Asia (ECCE-Asia)",

publisher = "IEEE",

address = "United States",

note = "2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress \& Exposition Asia, ECCE-Asia ; Conference date: 11-05-2025 Through 14-05-2025",

}

Sardar, NB, Surana, P, Choudhary, G, Kumar, A & Gatto, G 2025, Cyber-Attack Analysis and Investigation on PMSM Drive System in Battery Electrical Vehicles. in Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Asia (ECCE-Asia). IEEE, 2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Asia, Bengaluru, India, 11/05/2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia63110.2025.11112482

Cyber-Attack Analysis and Investigation on PMSM Drive System in Battery Electrical Vehicles. / Sardar, Nikhil B.; Surana, Prashant; Choudhary, Gaurav et al.
Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Asia (ECCE-Asia). IEEE, 2025.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Cyber-Attack Analysis and Investigation on PMSM Drive System in Battery Electrical Vehicles

AU - Sardar, Nikhil B.

AU - Surana, Prashant

AU - Choudhary, Gaurav

AU - Kumar, Amit

AU - Gatto, Gianluca

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - This paper investigates and analyzes the vulnerability of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive systems in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to system frequency manipulation attacks (SFMA) on frequency signal and signal integrity attacks (SIA) on a gate signal. To achieve the intended output of PMSM in terms of speed and torque, the proportional-integration-derivative (PID) controller has been used to improve the speed output of the motor by eliminating the noise and disturbance in a closed loop. These feedback loops and drive systems, which include feedback signals and gate drive signals, are accountable for cyber-physical attack vulnerabilities that result in anomalous motor and vehicle behaviour. Based on the simulation outcomes of the two attacks, the uncertainty of PMSM speed is explored, as they constitute threats to the PMSM drive system.

AB - This paper investigates and analyzes the vulnerability of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive systems in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to system frequency manipulation attacks (SFMA) on frequency signal and signal integrity attacks (SIA) on a gate signal. To achieve the intended output of PMSM in terms of speed and torque, the proportional-integration-derivative (PID) controller has been used to improve the speed output of the motor by eliminating the noise and disturbance in a closed loop. These feedback loops and drive systems, which include feedback signals and gate drive signals, are accountable for cyber-physical attack vulnerabilities that result in anomalous motor and vehicle behaviour. Based on the simulation outcomes of the two attacks, the uncertainty of PMSM speed is explored, as they constitute threats to the PMSM drive system.

KW - Battery Electrical Vehicles

KW - Cyber-Attacks

KW - PMSM

KW - PID

KW - ystem Frequency Manipulation Attacks

KW - Signal Integrity Attacks

U2 - 10.1109/ECCE-Asia63110.2025.11112482

DO - 10.1109/ECCE-Asia63110.2025.11112482

M3 - Article in proceedings

SN - 979-8-3315-1887-5

BT - Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Asia (ECCE-Asia)

PB - IEEE

T2 - 2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Asia

Y2 - 11 May 2025 through 14 May 2025

ER -

Cyber-Attack Analysis and Investigation on PMSM Drive System in Battery Electrical Vehicles

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