Crimson Behemoth: A massive clumpy structure hosting a dusty AGN at z=4.91

Takumi S Tanaka; John D Silverman; Yurina Nakazato; Masafusa Onoue; Kazuhiro Shimasaku; Yoshinobu Fudamoto; Seiji Fujimoto; Xuheng Ding; Andreas L Faisst; Francesco Valentino; Shuowen Jin; Christopher C Hayward; Vasily Kokorev; Daniel Ceverino; Boris S Kalita; Caitlin M Casey; Zhaoxuan Liu; Aidan Kaminsky; Qinyue Fei; Irham T Andika; Erini Lambrides; Hollis B. Akins; Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe; Anton M Koekemoer; Henry Joy Mccracken; Jason Rhodes; Brant E Robertson; Maximilien Franco; Daizhong Liu; Nima Chartab; Steven Gillman; Ghassem Gozaliasl; Michaela Hirschmann; Marc Huertas-company; Richard Massey; Namrata Roy; Zahra Sattari; Marko Shuntov; Joseph Sterling; Sune Toft; Benny Trakhtenbrot; Naoki Yoshida; Jorge A. Zavala

doi:10.1093/pasj/psae091

Crimson Behemoth: A massive clumpy structure hosting a dusty AGN at z=4.91

Takumi S Tanaka^*
, John D Silverman
, Yurina Nakazato
, Masafusa Onoue
, Kazuhiro Shimasaku
, Yoshinobu Fudamoto
, Seiji Fujimoto
, Xuheng Ding
, Andreas L Faisst
, Francesco Valentino
, Shuowen Jin
, Christopher C Hayward
, Vasily Kokorev
, Daniel Ceverino
, Boris S Kalita
, Caitlin M Casey
, Zhaoxuan Liu
, Aidan Kaminsky
, Qinyue Fei
, Irham T Andika

Erini Lambrides, Hollis B. Akins, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Anton M Koekemoer, Henry Joy Mccracken, Jason Rhodes, Brant E Robertson, Maximilien Franco, Daizhong Liu, Nima Chartab, Steven Gillman, Ghassem Gozaliasl, Michaela Hirschmann, Marc Huertas-company, Richard Massey, Namrata Roy, Zahra Sattari, Marko Shuntov, Joseph Sterling, Sune Toft, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Naoki Yoshida, Jorge A. Zavala

^*Corresponding author for this work

The University of Tokyo
Chiba University
University of Texas at Austin
Wuhan University
California Institute of Technology
University of Copenhagen
Flatiron Institute
University of Groningen
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Cosmic Dawn Center
University of Miami
Peking University
Technical University of Munich
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Rochester Institute of Technology
Space Telescope Science Institute
Sorbonne Université
University of California at Santa Cruz
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science
Aalto University
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
National Institute for Astrophysics
Durham University
Johns Hopkins University
University of California at Riverside
Tel Aviv University
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

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Abstract

The current paradigm for the co-evolution of galaxies and their supermassive black holes postulates that dust-obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) represent a transitional phase towards a more luminous and unobscured state. However, our understanding of dusty AGNs and their host galaxies at early cosmic times is inadequate due to observational limitations. Here, we present JWST observations of CID-931, an X-ray-detected AGN at a spectroscopic redshift of ⁠Z_SPEC =4.91. Multiband NIRCam imaging from the COSMOS-Web program reveals an unresolved red core, similar to JWST-discovered dusty AGNs. Strikingly, the red core is surrounded by at least eight massive star-forming clumps spread over ⁠, each of which has a stellar mass of 10⁹-10¹⁰ M⊙ and a radius of ∼0.1–1 kpc. The whole system amounts to 10¹¹M⊙ in stellar mass, higher than typical star-forming galaxies at the same epoch. In this system, gas inflows and/or complex merger events may trigger clump formation and AGN activity, thus leading to the rapid formation of a massive galaxy hosting a supermassive black hole. Future follow-up observations will provide new insights into the evolution of the galaxy–black hole relationship during such transitional phases in the early universe.

Original language	English
Journal	Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japan
Volume	76
Issue number	6
Pages (from-to)	1323–1335
ISSN	0004-6264
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psae091
Publication status	Published - 2024

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Tanaka, T. S., Silverman, J. D., Nakazato, Y., Onoue, M., Shimasaku, K., Fudamoto, Y., Fujimoto, S., Ding, X., Faisst, A. L., Valentino, F., Jin, S., Hayward, C. C., Kokorev, V., Ceverino, D., Kalita, B. S., Casey, C. M., Liu, Z., Kaminsky, A., Fei, Q., ... Zavala, J. A. (2024). Crimson Behemoth: A massive clumpy structure hosting a dusty AGN at z=4.91. Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japan, 76(6), 1323–1335. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psae091

@article{8bb39814cbef4be094e0264f8da45877,

title = "Crimson Behemoth: A massive clumpy structure hosting a dusty AGN at z=4.91",

abstract = "The current paradigm for the co-evolution of galaxies and their supermassive black holes postulates that dust-obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) represent a transitional phase towards a more luminous and unobscured state. However, our understanding of dusty AGNs and their host galaxies at early cosmic times is inadequate due to observational limitations. Here, we present JWST observations of CID-931, an X-ray-detected AGN at a spectroscopic redshift of ⁠ZSPEC =4.91. Multiband NIRCam imaging from the COSMOS-Web program reveals an unresolved red core, similar to JWST-discovered dusty AGNs. Strikingly, the red core is surrounded by at least eight massive star-forming clumps spread over ⁠, each of which has a stellar mass of 109-1010 M⊙ and a radius of ∼0.1–1 kpc. The whole system amounts to 1011 M⊙ in stellar mass, higher than typical star-forming galaxies at the same epoch. In this system, gas inflows and/or complex merger events may trigger clump formation and AGN activity, thus leading to the rapid formation of a massive galaxy hosting a supermassive black hole. Future follow-up observations will provide new insights into the evolution of the galaxy–black hole relationship during such transitional phases in the early universe.",

author = "Tanaka, \{Takumi S\} and Silverman, \{John D\} and Yurina Nakazato and Masafusa Onoue and Kazuhiro Shimasaku and Yoshinobu Fudamoto and Seiji Fujimoto and Xuheng Ding and Faisst, \{Andreas L\} and Francesco Valentino and Shuowen Jin and Hayward, \{Christopher C\} and Vasily Kokorev and Daniel Ceverino and Kalita, \{Boris S\} and Casey, \{Caitlin M\} and Zhaoxuan Liu and Aidan Kaminsky and Qinyue Fei and Andika, \{Irham T\} and Erini Lambrides and Akins, \{Hollis B.\} and Kartaltepe, \{Jeyhan S.\} and Koekemoer, \{Anton M\} and Mccracken, \{Henry Joy\} and Jason Rhodes and Robertson, \{Brant E\} and Maximilien Franco and Daizhong Liu and Nima Chartab and Steven Gillman and Ghassem Gozaliasl and Michaela Hirschmann and Marc Huertas-company and Richard Massey and Namrata Roy and Zahra Sattari and Marko Shuntov and Joseph Sterling and Sune Toft and Benny Trakhtenbrot and Naoki Yoshida and Zavala, \{Jorge A.\}",

year = "2024",

doi = "10.1093/pasj/psae091",

language = "English",

volume = "76",

pages = "1323–1335",

journal = "Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japan",

issn = "0004-6264",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "6",

}

Tanaka, TS, Silverman, JD, Nakazato, Y, Onoue, M, Shimasaku, K, Fudamoto, Y, Fujimoto, S, Ding, X, Faisst, AL, Valentino, F, Jin, S, Hayward, CC, Kokorev, V, Ceverino, D, Kalita, BS, Casey, CM, Liu, Z, Kaminsky, A, Fei, Q, Andika, IT, Lambrides, E, Akins, HB, Kartaltepe, JS, Koekemoer, AM, Mccracken, HJ, Rhodes, J, Robertson, BE, Franco, M, Liu, D, Chartab, N, Gillman, S, Gozaliasl, G, Hirschmann, M, Huertas-company, M, Massey, R, Roy, N, Sattari, Z, Shuntov, M, Sterling, J, Toft, S, Trakhtenbrot, B, Yoshida, N & Zavala, JA 2024, 'Crimson Behemoth: A massive clumpy structure hosting a dusty AGN at z=4.91', Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japan, vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 1323–1335. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psae091

TY - JOUR

T1 - Crimson Behemoth: A massive clumpy structure hosting a dusty AGN at z=4.91

AU - Tanaka, Takumi S

AU - Silverman, John D

AU - Nakazato, Yurina

AU - Onoue, Masafusa

AU - Shimasaku, Kazuhiro

AU - Fudamoto, Yoshinobu

AU - Fujimoto, Seiji

AU - Ding, Xuheng

AU - Faisst, Andreas L

AU - Valentino, Francesco

AU - Jin, Shuowen

AU - Hayward, Christopher C

AU - Kokorev, Vasily

AU - Ceverino, Daniel

AU - Kalita, Boris S

AU - Casey, Caitlin M

AU - Liu, Zhaoxuan

AU - Kaminsky, Aidan

AU - Fei, Qinyue

AU - Andika, Irham T

AU - Lambrides, Erini

AU - Akins, Hollis B.

AU - Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.

AU - Koekemoer, Anton M

AU - Mccracken, Henry Joy

AU - Rhodes, Jason

AU - Robertson, Brant E

AU - Franco, Maximilien

AU - Liu, Daizhong

AU - Chartab, Nima

AU - Gillman, Steven

AU - Gozaliasl, Ghassem

AU - Hirschmann, Michaela

AU - Huertas-company, Marc

AU - Massey, Richard

AU - Roy, Namrata

AU - Sattari, Zahra

AU - Shuntov, Marko

AU - Sterling, Joseph

AU - Toft, Sune

AU - Trakhtenbrot, Benny

AU - Yoshida, Naoki

AU - Zavala, Jorge A.

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - The current paradigm for the co-evolution of galaxies and their supermassive black holes postulates that dust-obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) represent a transitional phase towards a more luminous and unobscured state. However, our understanding of dusty AGNs and their host galaxies at early cosmic times is inadequate due to observational limitations. Here, we present JWST observations of CID-931, an X-ray-detected AGN at a spectroscopic redshift of ⁠ZSPEC =4.91. Multiband NIRCam imaging from the COSMOS-Web program reveals an unresolved red core, similar to JWST-discovered dusty AGNs. Strikingly, the red core is surrounded by at least eight massive star-forming clumps spread over ⁠, each of which has a stellar mass of 109-1010 M⊙ and a radius of ∼0.1–1 kpc. The whole system amounts to 1011 M⊙ in stellar mass, higher than typical star-forming galaxies at the same epoch. In this system, gas inflows and/or complex merger events may trigger clump formation and AGN activity, thus leading to the rapid formation of a massive galaxy hosting a supermassive black hole. Future follow-up observations will provide new insights into the evolution of the galaxy–black hole relationship during such transitional phases in the early universe.

AB - The current paradigm for the co-evolution of galaxies and their supermassive black holes postulates that dust-obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) represent a transitional phase towards a more luminous and unobscured state. However, our understanding of dusty AGNs and their host galaxies at early cosmic times is inadequate due to observational limitations. Here, we present JWST observations of CID-931, an X-ray-detected AGN at a spectroscopic redshift of ⁠ZSPEC =4.91. Multiband NIRCam imaging from the COSMOS-Web program reveals an unresolved red core, similar to JWST-discovered dusty AGNs. Strikingly, the red core is surrounded by at least eight massive star-forming clumps spread over ⁠, each of which has a stellar mass of 109-1010 M⊙ and a radius of ∼0.1–1 kpc. The whole system amounts to 1011 M⊙ in stellar mass, higher than typical star-forming galaxies at the same epoch. In this system, gas inflows and/or complex merger events may trigger clump formation and AGN activity, thus leading to the rapid formation of a massive galaxy hosting a supermassive black hole. Future follow-up observations will provide new insights into the evolution of the galaxy–black hole relationship during such transitional phases in the early universe.

U2 - 10.1093/pasj/psae091

DO - 10.1093/pasj/psae091

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0004-6264

VL - 76

SP - 1323

EP - 1335

JO - Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japan

JF - Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japan

IS - 6

ER -

Crimson Behemoth: A massive clumpy structure hosting a dusty AGN at z=4.91

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